Plant extracts

During the process of plant growth, they carry out a number of metabolic and biochemical processes, forming and accumulating various kinds of chemical substances that form the chemical composition of plants. Plant extracts are very complicated and also contain many types of chemical composition with the composition in different parts also being different. Usually plants contain many types of chemical constituents below: alkaloids, glycosides, organic acids, resins (including resin acids, resin alcohols and hydrocarbon resins), volatile oils, sugars (including starches, inulin, gums and phlegmatic, etc.) , amino acids, proteins and enzymes, tannins, plant pigments (including chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, beet red bases and quinones, etc.), oils and waxes, and inorganic ingredients (trace elements).

There are many kinds of plant extracts with their major functions contained in skin medicines, efficacy cosmetics and cosmetic including: anti-irritant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-infective, sterilization, wetting, protecting the skin and so on. No matter whether it is a single plant extract or compound extract, it often has multiple effects, especially that the clinical efficacy of the compound extract is reflected in the combined and overall effect of compound compatibility, its efficacy is sometimes more excellent than mixed material of the isolated purified ingredients.

According to the formulations of plant extracts, it can be divided into: water-soluble plant extracts (including water and propylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerol extract), oil-soluble plant extracts (including various vegetable oils, such as the exact of sunflower oil, coconut oil and olive extract oil, sometimes use isopropyl myristate extract), essential oils, spray-dried powder, enzyme-hydrolyzed vegetable protein powder, the pure active ingredients, peeled fruit core powder, liposome encapsulated microcapsules, polysaccharides or other porous polymer-encapsulated microcapsules and microspheres absorbed extract. It has been also used of freshly prepared fruit or vegetable juice in the professional beauty salon or family. If the plant parts used for the plant extract are different, the active ingredients are also different, including: roots, stems, leaves, bark, flowers, garland, fruits, seeds, shoots and the like. This classification method is more meaningful in the preparation, application, storage and transportation, and is used frequently by the manufacturer of some plant extracts.

With the development of various pieces of studies including extraction, isolation, determination techniques of composition and structure and the pharmacological effects, some separated and purified plant extract has begun to be taken seriously. Some companies of plant extracts manufacturing are actively studying and developing these new types of products. Some larger cosmetic companies have done a lot of research work, separating and extracting pure extract and further applying to various products. There are highly effective ingredients contained in such plant extracts, containing no or less other irrelevant substances but containing one or more pure components. These components have accurate contents and structure components, relatively explicit quality standards and inspection methods, and have their product undergone pharmacological testing, clinical trials and activity tests. The application of such plant extracts is more effective and practical, easy for the anti-corrosion and the quality control of the product, but usually having higher cost compared general extract. We will discuss below of some plant extracts which have been applied in cosmetics, having clearly defined composition and structure as well as having undergone separation and purification.

The plant extracts industry in our country, because of the influence of traditional Chinese medicine culture, has unique advantages for development. With rich resources and technological advantages, China has become one of the world's most important suppliers of plant extracts. According to Chinese customs statistics, China's plant extracts of exports had amounted to $815 million in 2010, accounting for 41.9% of China's total export of Chinese medicine, the extract of Chinese products have become the major driving force in the increasing of the China's export growth. At present, there are around 2000 enterprises engaging in plant extracts production and trade business with thousands of products being exported to foreign countries every year.

Data has shown that the inn the first half of 2011, the exports sales of plant extracts in China has reached up to $525 million with an increase of 47.68%. The proportion of plant extract in Chinese exports is gradually increasing. As the product of "natural medicine" and "homeopathy" usage, plant extracts have a very stable market in the international market.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
(-)-Epicatechin gallate (-)-Epicatechin gallate 1257-08-5 C22H18O10
CYTISINE CYTISINE 485-35-8 C11H14N2O
Triptolide Triptolide 38748-32-2 C20H24O6
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate 989-51-5 C22H18O11
KUROMANIN CHLORIDE KUROMANIN CHLORIDE 7084-24-4 C21H21ClO11
Rhein Rhein 478-43-3 C15H8O6
Diosgenin Diosgenin 512-04-9 C27H42O3
Guanine Guanine 73-40-5 C5H5N5O
4-Phenylmorpholine 4-Phenylmorpholine 92-53-5 C10H13NO
Schisandrin Schisandrin 7432-28-2 C24H32O7
(1R)-(+)-ALPHA-PINENE (1R)-(+)-ALPHA-PINENE 7785-70-8 C10H16
Jujuboside B Jujuboside B 55466-05-2 C52H84O21
Docetaxel trihydrate Docetaxel trihydrate 148408-66-6 C43H55NO15
Emodin-3-methyl ether Emodin-3-methyl ether 521-61-9 C16H12O5
(1S)-(-)-alpha-Pinene (1S)-(-)-alpha-Pinene 7785-26-4 C10H16
ASTRAGALIN ASTRAGALIN 480-10-4 C21H20O11
Zeaxanthin Zeaxanthin 144-68-3 C40H56O2
6-Hydroxypurine 6-Hydroxypurine 68-94-0 C5H4N4O
STACHYDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE STACHYDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE 4136-37-2 C7H14ClNO2
TRYPTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE TRYPTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 343-94-2 C10H13ClN2
Fucoidan Fucoidan 9072-19-9 C7H14O7S
7-Ethylcamptothecin 7-Ethylcamptothecin 78287-27-1 C22H20N2O4
Schisantherin A Schisantherin A 58546-56-8 C30H32O9
Sennoside A Sennoside A 81-27-6 C42H38O20
Tanshinone IIA Tanshinone IIA 568-72-9 C19H18O3
Salvianolic acid Salvianolic acid 96574-01-5 C26H22O10
2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid 83-30-7 C7H6O5
Harpagoside Harpagoside 19210-12-9 C24H30O11
Cholesteryl chloride Cholesteryl chloride 910-31-6 C27H45Cl
Grape Seed Extract Grape Seed Extract 84929-27-1 C32H30O11
Garlic oil Garlic oil 8000-78-0 W99
Gentiopicroside Gentiopicroside 20831-76-9 C16H20O9
Ginsenoside Rf Ginsenoside Rf 52286-58-5 C42H72O14
Ginsenoside Rb1 Ginsenoside Rb1 41753-43-9 C54H92O23
Ginsenoside Rg1 Ginsenoside Rg1 22427-39-0 C42H72O14
Cholesterol Cholesterol 57-88-5 C27H46O
4-Aminoantipyrine 4-Aminoantipyrine 83-07-8 C11H13N3O
Ginseng extract Ginseng extract 90045-38-8 C15H24N2O
ECHINACOSIDE ECHINACOSIDE 82854-37-3 C35H46O20
Irinotecan hydrochloride Irinotecan hydrochloride 100286-90-6 C33H39ClN4O6
Cynarin Cynarin 30964-13-7 C25H24O12
(1S)-(1)-beta-Pinene (1S)-(1)-beta-Pinene 18172-67-3 C10H16
Ligustilide Ligustilide 4431-01-0 C12H14O2
Pterostilbene Pterostilbene 537-42-8 C16H16O3
Hinokitiol Hinokitiol 499-44-5 C10H12O2
Sodium danshensu Sodium danshensu 67920-52-9 C9H11NaO5
Protodioscin Protodioscin 55056-80-9 C51H84O22
Acetyl-trans-resveratrol Acetyl-trans-resveratrol 42206-94-0 C20H18O6
Geniposide Geniposide 24512-63-8 C17H24O10
Ginsenoside Rc Ginsenoside Rc 11021-14-0 C53H90O22
Ginsenoside Rg3 Ginsenoside Rg3 14197-60-5 C42H72O13
Chrysophanic acid Chrysophanic acid 481-74-3 C15H10O4
Genipin Genipin 6902-77-8 C11H14O5
Typhaneoside Typhaneoside 104472-68-6 C34H42O20
HigenaMine Hydrochloride HigenaMine Hydrochloride 11041-94-4 C16H18ClNO3
PULCHINENOSIDE B4 PULCHINENOSIDE B4 129741-57-7 C59H96O26
ISORHAMNETIN-3-RUTINOSIDE ISORHAMNETIN-3-RUTINOSIDE 604-80-8 C28H32O16
GOITRINE GOITRINE 1072-93-1 C5H7NOS
Notoginsenoside R1 Notoginsenoside R1 80418-24-2 C47H80O18
Forskolin Forskolin 66575-29-9 C22H34O7
N-BUTYLIDENEPHTHALIDE N-BUTYLIDENEPHTHALIDE 551-08-6 C12H12O2
Epimedin A Epimedin A 110623-72-8 C39H50O20
Hecogenin Hecogenin 467-55-0 C27H42O4
MORIN MORIN 480-16-0 C15H10O7
ERIOCITRIN ERIOCITRIN 13463-28-0 C27H32O15
Saikosaponin D Saikosaponin D 20874-52-6 C42H68O13
Saikosaponin C Saikosaponin C 20736-08-7 C48H78O17
(+/-)-exo-6-Hydroxytropinone (+/-)-exo-6-Hydroxytropinone 5932-53-6 C8H13NO2
Garcinia cambogia extract Garcinia cambogia extract 90045-23-1
Tectoridin Tectoridin 611-40-5 C22H22O11
FORSYTHOSIDE A FORSYTHOSIDE A 79916-77-1 C29H36O15
Coptisine chloride Coptisine chloride 6020-18-4 C19H14ClNO4
Saikosaponin a Saikosaponin a 20736-09-8 C42H68O13
2-N-PROPYLPYRIDINE 2-N-PROPYLPYRIDINE 622-39-9 C8H11N
Fucoxanthin Fucoxanthin 3351-86-8 C42H58O6
Tectorigenin Tectorigenin 548-77-6 C16H12O6
Betulinicaldehyde Betulinicaldehyde 13159-28-9 C30H48O2
Ginsenoside Rh1 Ginsenoside Rh1 63223-86-9 C36H62O9
Ginsenoside Rb3 Ginsenoside Rb3 68406-26-8 C53H90O22
VERBENALIN VERBENALIN 548-37-8 C17H24O10
Ginsenoside Rd Ginsenoside Rd 52705-93-8 C48H82O18
GAMBOGIC ACID GAMBOGIC ACID 2752-65-0 C38H44O8
Ginsenoside Rg2 Ginsenoside Rg2 52286-74-5 C42H72O13
Germacrone Germacrone 6902-91-6 C15H22O
NARIRUTIN NARIRUTIN 14259-46-2 C27H32O14
Cichoric acid Cichoric acid 70831-56-0 C22H18O12
Polygalacic acid Polygalacic acid 22338-71-2 C30H48O6
1-[(2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-b-D-glucopyranosyl 2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-hexadecaheptaenedioate] 6-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-Glucopyranose 1-[(2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-b-D-glucopyranosyl 2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-hexadecaheptaenedioate] 6-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-Glucopyranose 55750-84-0 C38H54O19
Chonglou Saponin II Chonglou Saponin II 76296-72-5 C44H70O16
Alginic acid Alginic acid 9005-32-7 (C6H8O6)n
Blueberry extract Blueberry extract 84082-34-8 C27H31O16
Diosmetin Diosmetin 520-34-3 C16H12O6
Sennoside B Sennoside B 128-57-4 C42H38O20
Ligustrazine Hydrochloride Ligustrazine Hydrochloride 76494-51-4 C8H12N2.ClH
DIGITONIN DIGITONIN 11024-24-1 C56H92O29
GINSENOSIDE RB2 GINSENOSIDE RB2 11021-13-9 C53H90O22
Salvianolic acid B Salvianolic acid B 115939-25-8 C36H30O16
(3b,6a,12b,24R)-20,24-Epoxy-3,12,25-trihydroxydammaran-6-yl 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3b,6a,12b,24R)-20,24-Epoxy-3,12,25-trihydroxydammaran-6-yl 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside 69884-00-0 C42H72O14
eupatilin eupatilin 22368-21-4 C18H16O7
HOMOORIENTIN HOMOORIENTIN 4261-42-1 C21H20O11
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