Plant extracts

During the process of plant growth, they carry out a number of metabolic and biochemical processes, forming and accumulating various kinds of chemical substances that form the chemical composition of plants. Plant extracts are very complicated and also contain many types of chemical composition with the composition in different parts also being different. Usually plants contain many types of chemical constituents below: alkaloids, glycosides, organic acids, resins (including resin acids, resin alcohols and hydrocarbon resins), volatile oils, sugars (including starches, inulin, gums and phlegmatic, etc.) , amino acids, proteins and enzymes, tannins, plant pigments (including chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, beet red bases and quinones, etc.), oils and waxes, and inorganic ingredients (trace elements).

There are many kinds of plant extracts with their major functions contained in skin medicines, efficacy cosmetics and cosmetic including: anti-irritant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-infective, sterilization, wetting, protecting the skin and so on. No matter whether it is a single plant extract or compound extract, it often has multiple effects, especially that the clinical efficacy of the compound extract is reflected in the combined and overall effect of compound compatibility, its efficacy is sometimes more excellent than mixed material of the isolated purified ingredients.

According to the formulations of plant extracts, it can be divided into: water-soluble plant extracts (including water and propylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerol extract), oil-soluble plant extracts (including various vegetable oils, such as the exact of sunflower oil, coconut oil and olive extract oil, sometimes use isopropyl myristate extract), essential oils, spray-dried powder, enzyme-hydrolyzed vegetable protein powder, the pure active ingredients, peeled fruit core powder, liposome encapsulated microcapsules, polysaccharides or other porous polymer-encapsulated microcapsules and microspheres absorbed extract. It has been also used of freshly prepared fruit or vegetable juice in the professional beauty salon or family. If the plant parts used for the plant extract are different, the active ingredients are also different, including: roots, stems, leaves, bark, flowers, garland, fruits, seeds, shoots and the like. This classification method is more meaningful in the preparation, application, storage and transportation, and is used frequently by the manufacturer of some plant extracts.

With the development of various pieces of studies including extraction, isolation, determination techniques of composition and structure and the pharmacological effects, some separated and purified plant extract has begun to be taken seriously. Some companies of plant extracts manufacturing are actively studying and developing these new types of products. Some larger cosmetic companies have done a lot of research work, separating and extracting pure extract and further applying to various products. There are highly effective ingredients contained in such plant extracts, containing no or less other irrelevant substances but containing one or more pure components. These components have accurate contents and structure components, relatively explicit quality standards and inspection methods, and have their product undergone pharmacological testing, clinical trials and activity tests. The application of such plant extracts is more effective and practical, easy for the anti-corrosion and the quality control of the product, but usually having higher cost compared general extract. We will discuss below of some plant extracts which have been applied in cosmetics, having clearly defined composition and structure as well as having undergone separation and purification.

The plant extracts industry in our country, because of the influence of traditional Chinese medicine culture, has unique advantages for development. With rich resources and technological advantages, China has become one of the world's most important suppliers of plant extracts. According to Chinese customs statistics, China's plant extracts of exports had amounted to $815 million in 2010, accounting for 41.9% of China's total export of Chinese medicine, the extract of Chinese products have become the major driving force in the increasing of the China's export growth. At present, there are around 2000 enterprises engaging in plant extracts production and trade business with thousands of products being exported to foreign countries every year.

Data has shown that the inn the first half of 2011, the exports sales of plant extracts in China has reached up to $525 million with an increase of 47.68%. The proportion of plant extract in Chinese exports is gradually increasing. As the product of "natural medicine" and "homeopathy" usage, plant extracts have a very stable market in the international market.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
Panaxadiol Panaxadiol 19666-76-3 C30H52O3
Oxyresveratrol Oxyresveratrol 29700-22-9 C14H12O4
gracillin gracillin 19083-00-2 C45H72O17
tuberostemonine tuberostemonine 6879-01-2 C22H33NO4
Cinobufagin Cinobufagin 470-37-1 C26H34O6
SENEGENIN SENEGENIN 2469-34-3 C30H45ClO6
(aR)-alpha-[(1S)-1-[2,6-Dimethoxy-4-(2-propen-1-yl)phenoxy]ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenemethanol (aR)-alpha-[(1S)-1-[2,6-Dimethoxy-4-(2-propen-1-yl)phenoxy]ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenemethanol 171485-39-5 C21H26O6
SINIGRIN SINIGRIN 3952-98-5 C10H17NO9S2.K
Praeruptorin B Praeruptorin B 81740-07-0 C24H26O7
Gynostemma plant extract Gynostemma plant extract 15588-68-8 C80H126O44
Azulene Azulene 275-51-4 C10H8
5-Methyl-7-methoxyisoflavone 5-Methyl-7-methoxyisoflavone 82517-12-2 C17H14O3
2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-4-(4-NITROPHENYL)-1,3-THIAZOLE 2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-4-(4-NITROPHENYL)-1,3-THIAZOLE 89250-26-0 C10H7ClN2O2S
2'-O-GALLOYLHYPERIN 2'-O-GALLOYLHYPERIN 53209-27-1 C28H24O16
lannaconitine lannaconitine 32854-75-4 C32H44N2O8
Curdione Curdione 13657-68-6 C15H24O2
LIQUIRITIN(SH) LIQUIRITIN(SH) 551-15-5 C21H22O9
alpha-Arbutin alpha-Arbutin 84380-01-8 C12H16O7
Isochlorogenic acid C Isochlorogenic acid C 32451-88-0 C25H24O12
(+)-MENTHOL (+)-MENTHOL 15356-60-2 C10H20O
GinsenosideRo GinsenosideRo 34367-04-9 C48H76O19
GINSENOSIDEF1 GINSENOSIDEF1 53963-43-2 C36H62O9
pectolinarin pectolinarin 28978-02-1 C29H34O15
oxypaeoniflora oxypaeoniflora 39011-91-1 C23H28O12
Ononin Ononin 486-62-4 C22H22O9
Nitidine chloride Nitidine chloride 13063-04-2 C21H18NO4+
Trigonelline Trigonelline 535-83-1 C7H7NO2
2-HYDROXYADENOSINE 2-HYDROXYADENOSINE 1818-71-9 C10H13N5O5
IMPERIALINE IMPERIALINE 61825-98-7 C27H43NO3
BETA-RHODINOL BETA-RHODINOL 7540-51-4 C10H20O
PICROSIDE I PICROSIDE I 27409-30-9 C24H28O11
Neomangiferin Neomangiferin 64809-67-2 C25H28O16
Isochlorogenic Acid B Isochlorogenic Acid B 14534-61-3 C25H24O12
LICOCHALCONE-A LICOCHALCONE-A 58749-22-7 C21H22O4
FRAXINELLONE FRAXINELLONE 28808-62-0 C14H16O3
dendrobine dendrobine 2115-91-5 C16H25NO2
Deacetyltaxol Deacetyltaxol 78432-77-6 C45H49NO13
CORYNOLINE CORYNOLINE 18797-79-0 C21H21NO5
Ginsenoside Re Ginsenoside Re 52286-59-6 C48H82O18
PHENOL, 2-METHOXY-5-[2-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXYPHENYL)ETHYL]- PHENOL, 2-METHOXY-5-[2-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXYPHENYL)ETHYL]- 95041-90-0 C18H22O5
PHELLODENDRINE CHLORIDE PHELLODENDRINE CHLORIDE 104112-82-5 C20H24NO4.Cl
ACETYLCORYNOLINE(P) ACETYLCORYNOLINE(P) 18797-80-3 C23H23NO6
CYNARIN CYNARIN 1182-34-9 C25H24O12
GINSENOSIDE F2 GINSENOSIDE F2 62025-49-4 C42H72O13
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone 38183-03-8 C15H10O4
Maltose Maltose 69-79-4 C12H22O11
Punicalagin Punicalagin 65995-63-3 C48H28O30
PSEUDOLARIC ACID B PSEUDOLARIC ACID B 82508-31-4 C23H28O8
AURANTIO-OBTUSIN AURANTIO-OBTUSIN 67979-25-3 C17H14O7
BIS(4-HYDROXYCINNAMOYL)METHANE BIS(4-HYDROXYCINNAMOYL)METHANE 24939-16-0 C19H16O4
Madecassoside Madecassoside 34540-22-2 C48H78O20
Harpagide Harpagide 6926-08-5 C15H24O10
SINOMENINE HYDROCHLORIDE SINOMENINE HYDROCHLORIDE 6080-33-7 C19H24ClNO4
SCUTELLAREIN SCUTELLAREIN 529-53-3 C15H10O6
Panaxatriol Panaxatriol 32791-84-7 C30H52O4
ISOQUERCITRIN ISOQUERCITRIN 21637-25-2 C21H20O12
PINORESINOL DIGLUCOSIDE(P)(PLEASE CALL) PINORESINOL DIGLUCOSIDE(P)(PLEASE CALL) 63902-38-5 C32H42O16
Praeruptorin A Praeruptorin A 73069-25-7 C21H22O7
IRISFLORENTIN IRISFLORENTIN 41743-73-1 C20H18O8
Timosaponin A-III Timosaponin A-III 41059-79-4 C39H64O13
3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one 3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one 496-63-9 C5H4O3
spinosin spinosin 72063-39-9 C28H32O15
Isofraxidin Isofraxidin 486-21-5 C11H10O5
plantamajoside plantamajoside 104777-68-6 C29H36O16
MOMORDINIC MOMORDINIC 96990-18-0 C41H64O13
18alpha-Glycyrrhetinic acid 18alpha-Glycyrrhetinic acid 1449-05-4 C30H46O4
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O,6-O-bis(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-O-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propenoyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O,6-O-bis(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-O-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propenoyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside 94079-81-9 C35H46O19
(-)-MAACKIAIN (-)-MAACKIAIN 19908-48-6 C16H12O5
ISORHAMNETIN 3-O-NEOHESPEROSIDE ISORHAMNETIN 3-O-NEOHESPEROSIDE 55033-90-4 C28H32O16
Tubeimoside A Tubeimoside A 102040-03-9 C63H98O29
FLAVONE FLAVONE 525-82-6 C15H10O2
Lobetyolin Lobetyolin 136085-37-5 C20H28O8
Isochlorogenic acid A Isochlorogenic acid A 2450-53-5 C25H24O12
Cryptochlorogenic acid Cryptochlorogenic acid 905-99-7 C16H18O9
Morroniside Morroniside 25406-64-8 C17H26O11
3-N-butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide 3-N-butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide 62006-39-7 C12H16O2
Helenien Helenien 547-17-1 C72H116O4
VINBLASTINE VINBLASTINE 865-21-4 C46H58N4O9
SINENSETIN SINENSETIN 2306-27-6 C20H20O7
SEC-O-GLUCOSYLHAMAUDOL SEC-O-GLUCOSYLHAMAUDOL 80681-44-3 C21H26O10
NARINGENIN NARINGENIN 67604-48-2 C15H12O5
FARGESIN FARGESIN 31008-19-2 C21H22O6
PROTOPANAXDIOL PROTOPANAXDIOL 30636-90-9 C30H52O3
ISOVITEXIN ISOVITEXIN 29702-25-8 C21H20O10
Platycodin D Platycodin D 58479-68-8 C57H92O28
Raddeanin(Anemodeanin) A Raddeanin(Anemodeanin) A 89412-79-3 C47H76O16
Columbianadin Columbianadin 5058-13-9 C19H20O5
(+)-CATECHIN HYDRATE (+)-CATECHIN HYDRATE 225937-10-0 C15H16O7
dipsacoside B dipsacoside B 33289-85-9 C53H86O22
macranthoidin B macranthoidin B 136849-88-2 C65H106O32
cycloastragenol cycloastragenol 84605-18-5 C30H50O5
peimisine peimisine 19773-24-1 C27H41NO3
4-O-BETA-D-GULCOSYL-5-O-METHYLVISAMMINOL 4-O-BETA-D-GULCOSYL-5-O-METHYLVISAMMINOL 84272-85-5 C22H28O10
CALYCOSIN 7-O-GLUCOSIDE CALYCOSIN 7-O-GLUCOSIDE 20633-67-4 C22H22O10
LINDERANE LINDERANE 13476-25-0 C15H16O4
Dihydrocholesterol Dihydrocholesterol 80-97-7 C27H48O
NORCAMPHOR NORCAMPHOR 497-38-1 C7H10O
Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside E 39432-56-9 C34H46O18
Sarsasapogenin Sarsasapogenin 126-19-2 C27H44O3
alpha-Cyperone alpha-Cyperone 473-08-5 C15H22O
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