Catalyst and Auxiliary

The catalyst can change the reaction rate in the chemical reaction, and the composition and the quality of the catalyst can be kept constant after the reaction. The catalyst that accelerates the reaction is called the positive catalyst, slows down called Negative Catalyst or slow agent. It said catalyst is a positive catalyst for the general correction. This kind of catalyst in the industry, especially the organic chemical industry used more, and has great significance, Such as sulfuric acid prepared by contacting, ammonia, hydrolysis of the ester and polysaccharide, Oil Hydrogenation, etc. Commonly used catalysts are mainly metal, metal oxide and inorganic acid. If the catalyst is solid, the substance of the reaction is gas, to form a multi-phase catalytic reaction, this catalyst, sometimes called catalyst or contact agent. The catalyst is generally selective, it can only make a reaction or a certain type of reaction to speed up. But some reaction can be used for a variety of catalysts, such as the hydrogenation reaction can often be platinum, palladium, nickel, should be carefully chosen. In the catalytic reaction, the catalyst is often added cocatalyst known to enhance catalytic action of the catalyst. For example, iron is a catalyst in ammonia industry, adding a small amount of potassium and aluminum can enhance the catalytic effect of iron. The composition and weight of the catalyst and cocatalyst cannot change before and after the reaction. All of the above are inorganic catalysts. The enzyme is a protein, is very important organic catalyst.

There are many kinds of catalyst, catalyst and reaction system according to the phase of the classification, there are two types of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts most widely used, there are 3 kinds of gas, liquid and solid state, the variety and application of solid catalyst. The solid catalyst, which is made of metal (nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, cobalt, titanium, vanadium, etc.) or metal oxide (copper oxide, vanadium pentoxide, lead oxide), is dispersed and deposited on the carrier in order to obtain a good dispersion effect and increase the specific surface area. The catalyst requires reliable activity, stability, selectivity, long working life, not easy to poisoning and over-burning, easy to regenerate. In order to improve the catalytic efficiency, the pure metal catalysts are made into alloy catalysts (such as nickel aluminium alloy) and composite catalysts (ZieglerNatta). The composite catalyst is composed of main catalyst and co-catalyst. In the new efficient catalysts also add other components. The production and development of high efficiency catalyst have promoted the development of polymer materials, and produced much polymer function and structure material ,which is new generation of high performance and high added value.

With the extensive application of catalyst and a number of new catalysts, we can make a lot of new chemical reactions to achieve industrialization, in order to provide an increasing number of chemical products; also can make some of the original chemical reaction conditions have been improved, in order to improve the production efficiency and product quality, make full use of resources. The important subject in the field of modern chemistry and chemical research is to select and develop more and better catalyst for the new generation. But the role of a catalyst is not beneficial to humans, such as combustion products of supersonic jet fuel as a catalyst can cause the stratosphere (10 to 50 km altitude) decomposition of ozone in the atmosphere, to the sun's ultraviolet absorption decreased, resulting in some areas of skin cancer patients increased. Is developing a new supersonic jet fuel, its combustion products will not become a catalyst,which will cause the ozone decomposition catalyst in the stratosphere.

Additives are added in the industrial and agricultural production, especially in the chemical production of some of the auxiliary chemicals, its role is to improve the production process, improve product quality and yield, or to give the product a unique application performance.

Additive are large class of important chemical in the production of auxiliary raw materials, they can give a special performance to product, improve use of finished products; and can accelerate the chemical reaction rate, improve product yield; they can save raw materials, improve processing efficiency. Additives are widely used in the chemical industry, especially organic synthesis, synthetic material processing and petroleum refining, pesticide, medicine, dye, paint and other industrial sectors. Additives can be divided into synthesized additives and processing additives. Synthetic additives are used in monomer synthesis and polymerization of a variety of auxiliary agents in resin, fiber, rubber, etc. They include catalysts, initiators, solvents, dispersants, emulsifiers, polymerization inhibitors, regulators, termination agents, etc. Processing aid refers to the auxiliary chemicals used in the manufacture of raw rubber, plastics processing, chemical fiber spinning and spinning process, including plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers , flame retardants, blowing agents, lubricants, mold release agents, curing agents, accelerators, softeners, anti-scorching agents, surfactants, oils, fillers, etc. In these additives, many of them are dangerous chemicals, Such as benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, hydrogen peroxide - ferrous blue, alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium and other initiators, catalysts are inflammable and explosive materials, should be required to "chemical Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulations", for storage, transportation, operation and use.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
Acetyl tributyl citrate Acetyl tributyl citrate 77-90-7 C20H34O8
Dess-Martin periodinane Dess-Martin periodinane 87413-09-0 C13H13IO8
UV-329 UV-329 3147-75-9 C20H25N3O
Oleoyl Ethanolamide Oleoyl Ethanolamide 111-58-0 C20H39NO2
1,3,5-Tri-2-propenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 1,3,5-Tri-2-propenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 1025-15-6 C12H15N3O3
Tributyl citrate Tributyl citrate 77-94-1 C18H32O7
N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine 793-24-8 C18H24N2
Bisoctrizole Bisoctrizole 103597-45-1 C41H50N6O2
2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate 1241-94-7 C20H27O4P
UV Absorber 326 UV Absorber 326 3896-11-5 C17H18ClN3O
Dimethyl azelate Dimethyl azelate 1732-10-1 C11H20O4
Dioctyl sebacate Dioctyl sebacate 122-62-3 C26H50O4
C36 Dimer acid C36 Dimer acid 61788-89-4 C36H64O4
2-Aminobiphenyl 2-Aminobiphenyl 90-41-5 C12H11N
2-(2'-Hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole 2-(2'-Hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole 3864-99-1 C20H24ClN3O
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate 13674-87-8 C9H15Cl6O4P
Disodium 4,4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl Disodium 4,4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl 27344-41-8 C28H23NaO6S2
Avobenzone Avobenzone 70356-09-1 C20H22O3
Triethyl acetyl citrate Triethyl acetyl citrate 77-89-4 C14H22O8
Chlorinated paraffin Chlorinated paraffin 63449-39-8 C24H30Cl20C15H14Cl18
Dibutyl adipate Dibutyl adipate 105-99-7 C14H26O4
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate 142-16-5 C20H36O4
Drometrizole Drometrizole 2440-22-4 C13H11N3O
Diisooctyl phthalate Diisooctyl phthalate 27554-26-3 C24H38O4
Diisopropyl adipate Diisopropyl adipate 6938-94-9 C12H22O4
Antioxidant 245 Antioxidant 245 36443-68-2 C34H50O8
Dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl phthalate 84-74-2 C16H22O4
Epoxidized soya bean oil Epoxidized soya bean oil 8013-07-8 C57H98O12
Antioxidant3114 Antioxidant3114 27676-62-6 C48H69N3O6
5A molecular sieve 5A molecular sieve 69912-79-4 CanNa12-2n[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]xH2O
Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(dibromopropyl ether) Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(dibromopropyl ether) 21850-44-2 C21H20Br8O2
4,4'-Methylenedianiline 4,4'-Methylenedianiline 101-77-9 C13H14N2
2-(2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditertpentylphenol 2-(2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditertpentylphenol 25973-55-1 C22H29N3O
BIS(2-N-BUTOXYETHYL)PHTHALATE BIS(2-N-BUTOXYETHYL)PHTHALATE 117-83-9 C20H30O6
Antioxidant 1330 Antioxidant 1330 1709-70-2 C54H78O3
UV Absorber 234 UV Absorber 234 70321-86-7 C30H29N3O
Butylated Hydroxytoluene Butylated Hydroxytoluene 128-37-0 C15H24O
Triethylene glycol diacetate Triethylene glycol diacetate 111-21-7 C10H18O6
Oxazole Oxazole 288-42-6 C3H3NO
DIISODECYL ADIPATE DIISODECYL ADIPATE 27178-16-1 C26H50O4
Light Stabilizer 622 Light Stabilizer 622 65447-77-0 C17H33NO6
N-Isopropyl-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine N-Isopropyl-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine 101-72-4 C15H18N2
Antioxidant 1010 Antioxidant 1010 6683-19-8 C73H108O12
Diisooctyl sebacate Diisooctyl sebacate 27214-90-0 C26H50O4
DOWEX(R) 50WX4 HYDROGEN FORM DOWEX(R) 50WX4 HYDROGEN FORM 11113-61-4 Na2O·Al2O3@2SiO2·4.50H2O
2-(Chloromethyl)benzonitrile 2-(Chloromethyl)benzonitrile 612-13-5 C8H6ClN
POLYETHYLENEIMINE POLYETHYLENEIMINE 9002-98-6 C2H5N
2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylic acid 2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylic acid 4282-31-9 C6H4O4S
4-tert-Butyl-2-nitrophenol 4-tert-Butyl-2-nitrophenol 3279-07-0 C10H13NO3
HEPTAETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODODECYL ETHER HEPTAETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODODECYL ETHER 3055-97-8 C26H54O8
TRIMETHYL CITRATE TRIMETHYL CITRATE 1587-20-8 C9H14O7
2-Methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone 2-Methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone 71868-10-5 C15H21NO2S
Activated carbon Activated carbon 64365-11-3 CH4
Methyl-2-mercaptobenzimidazole Methyl-2-mercaptobenzimidazole 53988-10-6 C8H8N2S
4,4'-Bis(5-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)stilbene 4,4'-Bis(5-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)stilbene 2397-00-4 C30H22N2O2
4-Sulfo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride potassium salt 4-Sulfo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride potassium salt 71501-16-1 C12H5KO6S
4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) 118-82-1 C29H44O2
Fluorescent Brightener KS-N Fluorescent Brightener KS-N 5242-49-9 C29H20N2O2
1-(2-Cyanostyryl)-4-(4-cyanostyryl)benzene 1-(2-Cyanostyryl)-4-(4-cyanostyryl)benzene 13001-38-2 C24H16N2
Diethyleneglycol diacetate Diethyleneglycol diacetate 628-68-2 C8H14O5
L-Malic acid L-Malic acid 97-67-6 C4H6O5
2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone 131-54-4 C15H14O5
4,4-Bis(diethylphosphonomethyl)biphenyl 4,4-Bis(diethylphosphonomethyl)biphenyl 17919-34-5 C22H32O6P2
ACENAPHTHYLENE ACENAPHTHYLENE 208-96-8 C12H8
Fluorescent Brightener 135 Fluorescent Brightener 135 1041-00-5 C18H14N2O2
Fumonisin B2 Fumonisin B2 116355-84-1 C34H59NO14
AZELAIC ACID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER AZELAIC ACID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER 103-24-2 C25H48O4
DIOCTYL FUMARATE DIOCTYL FUMARATE 141-02-6 C20H36O4
Methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate Methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate 606-28-0 C15H12O3
2,2'-(1,2-Ethenediyldi-4,1-phenylene)bisbenzoxazole 2,2'-(1,2-Ethenediyldi-4,1-phenylene)bisbenzoxazole 1533-45-5 C28H18N2O2
Dipropyl adipate Dipropyl adipate 106-19-4 C12H22O4
Tolyltriazole Tolyltriazole 29385-43-1 C9H9N3
Tetraethyleneglycol monododecyl ether Tetraethyleneglycol monododecyl ether 5274-68-0 C20H42O5
Octocrylene Octocrylene 6197-30-4 C24H27NO2
2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol 2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol 2219-82-1 C11H16O
Etocrilene Etocrilene 5232-99-5 C18H15NO2
Polyethylene glycol monolaurate Polyethylene glycol monolaurate 9004-81-3 C12H23O2.(C2H4O)n.H
Antioxidant 1035 Antioxidant 1035 41484-35-9 C38H58O6S
2,5-Bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl)thiophene 2,5-Bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl)thiophene 7128-64-5 C26H26N2O2S
UV-320 UV-320 3846-71-7 C20H25N3O
N,N'-Di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine N,N'-Di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine 93-46-9 C26H20N2
Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate 25852-47-5 (C4H5O).(C2H4O)n.(C4H5O2)
2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid 27503-81-7 C13H10N2O3S
1H-Benzotriazole 1H-Benzotriazole 95-14-7 C6H5N3
antioxidant 1024 antioxidant 1024 32687-78-8 C34H52N2O4
Antioxidant 1076 Antioxidant 1076 2082-79-3 C35H62O3
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate Diethylene glycol dibenzoate 120-55-8 C18H18O5
2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone 131-53-3 C14H12O4
4,4'-Stilbenedicarboxylic acid 4,4'-Stilbenedicarboxylic acid 100-31-2 C16H12O4
Antioxidant 168 Antioxidant 168 31570-04-4 C42H63O3P
Diisononyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate 68515-48-0 C26H42O4
Diisononyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate 28553-12-0 C26H42O4
Cyanuric acid Cyanuric acid 108-80-5 C3H3N3O3
Solvent naphtha Solvent naphtha 64742-94-5 C9
Light Stabilizer-944 Light Stabilizer-944 70624-18-9 (C35H66N8)n=4-5
Polyethylene Glycol Polyethylene Glycol 25322-68-3 N/A
Methoxypolyethylene glycols Methoxypolyethylene glycols 9004-74-4 C5H12O3
2,2',4,4'-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone 2,2',4,4'-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone 131-55-5 C13H10O5
Fluorescent Brightener 367 Fluorescent Brightener 367 5089-22-5 C24H14N2O2
2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetonitrile 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetonitrile 2856-63-5 C8H6ClN
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