Organic reagents

From early AD to mid-19 century, people mainly use the natural organic substance (such as animal and plant extracts) for qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis. From the second half of the 19th century to the 1920s, it had begun to appear of artificially synthetic organic reagent such as using potassium acetate xanthan for test of nickel, copper, and molybdenum; using morin for test of aluminum; using diazo coupling reaction for the detection of Nitrite; using α-β-nitroso naphthol for detection of cobalt; using dimethyglyoxime for nickel test.

After the proposal of the special-effects group in the 1930s and the proposal of theoretical analysis of functional groups theory in 1950s, people had carried out large-scale screen of organic reagents in search of special-effects analysis groups for different ions and had successfully synthesized a lot of agents of practical value (such as copper reagents, new copper agent, cadmium reagents, beryllium reagent, thorium reagents, etc.). Before the 1950s, the complex compound, in analytic chemistry, is mainly used in the aspects of the precipitation reaction of a binary chelate for the qualitative detection, precipitate isolation and gravimetric separation and other aspects. In the early 1950s and 1960, it is mainly in the form of complexometric titration. From the beginning of the late 1960s, the main focus has been moved to the photometric analysis. Meanwhile, it has been also developed of chelate organic solvent extraction.

8-hydroxy quinoline, hydrazones, oximes, hydroxamic acids, polyphenols, 1, 10-phenanthroline, phosphorus-oxygen extractant, β- diketones, triphenylmethane acid dye, xanthene dyes and azo dyes and other agents has all been widely studied and applied. On the other hand, the structural theoretical research (such as electronic effects, spatial effects and substituent effects) of the organic reagent can further facilitate the development of new-type organic reagents such as heterocyclic azo reagent. During this period, it has been also developed of monoazo chromotropic acid-type and disazo chromotropic acid-type reagent. During the mid-1970s, the chelating resin and adsorbents have achieved rapid development. Since the 1980s, Chinese researchers of analytical chemistry have made progress in the field of the synthesis and application of asymmetric disazo chromotropic acid.

Organic chemical reagents have wide application in analytic chemistry and are mainly used in solvents, precipitation agents, complexing agents, indicator, coloring reagent and surface active agent, etc. In order to adapt to a variety of analytical needs, sometimes it is required to purify certain reagents. For example, liquid organic reagent is often purified by distillation while solid substance is often purified through crystallization and sublimation. Substance having a high vapor pressure, namely having low purification boiling point and undergoing no decomposition under boiling temperature commonly applied atmospheric distillation; for less volatile and water-insoluble substance, namely having high purification point or undergoing decomposition under boiling temperature, we can apply vacuum distillation or steam distillation for purification of it.

Distillation is a commonly used method for laboratory purification of organic reagent. Conventional distillation apparatus generally comprises distiller, condenser and receiver, three parts with auxiliary section also containing heater, a thermometer, a wetted tube and cork.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
TAPS TAPS 29915-38-6 C7H17NO6S
4-FLUORO-2-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE 4-FLUORO-2-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE 348-28-7 C7H5FO2
Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate 763-69-9 C7H14O3
2-Bromo-6-nitrotoluene 2-Bromo-6-nitrotoluene 55289-35-5 C7H6BrNO2
Sesamol Sesamol 533-31-3 C7H6O3
4-Hydroxybenzyl cyanide 4-Hydroxybenzyl cyanide 14191-95-8 C8H7NO
4-(TRIFLUOROMETHOXY)THIOPHENOL 4-(TRIFLUOROMETHOXY)THIOPHENOL 169685-29-4 C7H5F3OS
Anthranilamide Anthranilamide 88-68-6 C7H8N2O
3-Chloro-1-propanol 3-Chloro-1-propanol 627-30-5 C3H7ClO
Sodium 2-diazo-1-naphthol-5-sulfonate Sodium 2-diazo-1-naphthol-5-sulfonate 2657-00-3 C10H7N2NaO4S
2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol 628-89-7 C4H9ClO2
2-Fluoropyridine-5-boronic acid 2-Fluoropyridine-5-boronic acid 351019-18-6 C5H5BFNO2
3-Tolylboronic acid 3-Tolylboronic acid 17933-03-8 C7H9BO2
Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate 27607-77-8 C4H9F3O3SSi
4-Biphenylcarboxylic acid 4-Biphenylcarboxylic acid 92-92-2 C13H10O2
(2-BOC-AMINOPHENYL)BORONIC ACID (2-BOC-AMINOPHENYL)BORONIC ACID 115377-94-1 C11H16BNO4
2-Naphthoic acid 2-Naphthoic acid 93-09-4 C11H8O2
2-Naphthol-6-sulfonic acid potassium salt 2-Naphthol-6-sulfonic acid potassium salt 833-66-9 C10H9KO4S
Cyclopropyl acetylene Cyclopropyl acetylene 6746-94-7 C5H6
4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid 4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid 98-73-7 C11H14O2
Methyl 3-aminocrotonate Methyl 3-aminocrotonate 14205-39-1 C5H9NO2
4-Bromoanisole 4-Bromoanisole 104-92-7 C7H7BrO
Diethyl iminodiacetate Diethyl iminodiacetate 6290-05-7 C8H15NO4
2-Trifluoromethylphenylboronic acid 2-Trifluoromethylphenylboronic acid 1423-27-4 C7H6BF3O2
3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylacetonitrile 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylacetonitrile 13338-63-1 C11H13NO3
4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride 4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride 349-88-2 C6H4ClFO2S
4-Bromobenzyl alcohol 4-Bromobenzyl alcohol 873-75-6 C7H7BrO
N-(3-BROMOPROPYL)PHTHALIMIDE N-(3-BROMOPROPYL)PHTHALIMIDE 5460-29-7 C11H10BrNO2
Ethyl bromodifluoroacetate Ethyl bromodifluoroacetate 667-27-6 C4H5BrF2O2
Triethyl borate Triethyl borate 150-46-9 C6H15BO3
o-Anisic acid o-Anisic acid 579-75-9 C8H8O3
2-Bromopropionic acid 2-Bromopropionic acid 598-72-1 C3H5BrO2
1-Bromoadamantane 1-Bromoadamantane 768-90-1 C10H15Br
2-Methoxyphenylboronic acid 2-Methoxyphenylboronic acid 5720-06-9 C7H9BO3
4-IODOBENZALDEHYDE 4-IODOBENZALDEHYDE 15164-44-0 C7H5IO
3-BROMO-5-CHLORO-BENZALDEHYDE 3-BROMO-5-CHLORO-BENZALDEHYDE 188813-05-0 C7H4BrClO
Chloroacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Chloroacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal 97-97-2 C4H9ClO2
3-Methyl-2-butanone 3-Methyl-2-butanone 563-80-4 C5H10O
2-Fluoro-6-iodobenzonitrile 2-Fluoro-6-iodobenzonitrile 79544-29-9 C7H3FIN
(2S,3S)-1,2-Epoxy-3-(Boc-amino)-4-phenylbutane (2S,3S)-1,2-Epoxy-3-(Boc-amino)-4-phenylbutane 98737-29-2 C15H21NO3
9-Fluorenone 9-Fluorenone 486-25-9 C13H8O
4-Methoxybenzyl bromide 4-Methoxybenzyl bromide 2746-25-0 C8H9BrO
2-Methyl-3-nitroanisole 2-Methyl-3-nitroanisole 4837-88-1 C8H9NO3
4-METHOXYCINNAMALDEHYDE 4-METHOXYCINNAMALDEHYDE 1963-36-6 C10H10O2
1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid 1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid 5445-51-2 C6H8O4
4-Hydroxy-4'-isopropoxydiphenylsulfone 4-Hydroxy-4'-isopropoxydiphenylsulfone 95235-30-6 C15H16O4S
4-(Bromomethyl)phenylboronic acid 4-(Bromomethyl)phenylboronic acid 68162-47-0 C7H8BBrO2
2',4',6'-Trihydroxyacetophenone monohydrate 2',4',6'-Trihydroxyacetophenone monohydrate 480-66-0 C8H8O4
3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid 3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid 1132-21-4 C9H10O4
m-(Trifluoromethyl)phenylacetic acid m-(Trifluoromethyl)phenylacetic acid 351-35-9 C9H7F3O2
2,4-DICHLOROPHENYLTHIOUREA 2,4-DICHLOROPHENYLTHIOUREA 6326-14-3 C7H6Cl2N2S
1-NAPHTHOL-4-SULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT 1-NAPHTHOL-4-SULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT 6099-57-6 C10H9NaO4S
4-METHOXY-2-METHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID 4-METHOXY-2-METHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID 208399-66-0 C8H11BO3
3,4-Dimethoxyphenol 3,4-Dimethoxyphenol 2033-89-8 C8H10O3
Hexadecanethiol Hexadecanethiol 2917-26-2 C16H34S
4-AMINOPHENYLBORONIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE 4-AMINOPHENYLBORONIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE 80460-73-7 C6H9BClNO2
2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid 4767-03-7 C5H10O4
2-Methylnicotinic acid 2-Methylnicotinic acid 3222-56-8 C7H7NO2
9-FLUORENONE HYDRAZONE 9-FLUORENONE HYDRAZONE 13629-22-6 C13H10N2
4-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde 4-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde 67515-60-0 C8H4F4O
4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid 616-82-0 C7H5NO5
3,4-Dichlorophenol 3,4-Dichlorophenol 95-77-2 C6H4Cl2O
4-tert-Butylphenol 4-tert-Butylphenol 98-54-4 C10H14O
Methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate Methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate 2150-47-2 C8H8O4
N-METHYLOCTYLAMINE N-METHYLOCTYLAMINE 2439-54-5 C9H21N
Benzylchloromethyl ether Benzylchloromethyl ether 3587-60-8 C8H9ClO
1-Boc-3-(Amino)azetidine 1-Boc-3-(Amino)azetidine 193269-78-2 C8H16N2O2
2'-FLUORO-5'-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)ACETOPHENONE 2'-FLUORO-5'-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)ACETOPHENONE 202664-53-7 C9H6F4O
1-Adamantanol 1-Adamantanol 768-95-6 C10H16O
2,4-Dichlorophenylacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenylacetic acid 19719-28-9 C8H6Cl2O2
Methyl 4-bromobenzoate Methyl 4-bromobenzoate 619-42-1 C8H7BrO2
Cyclobutyl bromide Cyclobutyl bromide 4399-47-7 C4H7Br
1,4-Benzoquinone dioxime 1,4-Benzoquinone dioxime 105-11-3 C6H6N2O2
Malonyl chloride Malonyl chloride 1663-67-8 C3H2Cl2O2
5-Chloro-1-indanone 5-Chloro-1-indanone 42348-86-7 C9H7ClO
1,4-BENZENEDITHIOL 1,4-BENZENEDITHIOL 624-39-5 C6H6S2
2-Ethoxybenzaldehyde 2-Ethoxybenzaldehyde 613-69-4 C9H10O2
3-Trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid 3-Trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid 179113-90-7 C7H6BF3O3
Monobenzone Monobenzone 103-16-2 C13H12O2
Chloromethyl chlorosulfate Chloromethyl chlorosulfate 49715-04-0 CH2Cl2O3S
Methyl 4-trifluoromethylbenzoate Methyl 4-trifluoromethylbenzoate 2967-66-0 C9H7F3O2
(R)-Glycidyl butyrate (R)-Glycidyl butyrate 60456-26-0 C7H12O3
2,5-Dimethylphenol 2,5-Dimethylphenol 95-87-4 C8H10O
3-Bromo-1-propanol 3-Bromo-1-propanol 627-18-9 C3H7BrO
2-BROMO-2',5'-DIMETHOXYACETOPHENONE 2-BROMO-2',5'-DIMETHOXYACETOPHENONE 1204-21-3 C10H11BrO3
alpha,alpha,alpha-Trifluoro-o-cresol alpha,alpha,alpha-Trifluoro-o-cresol 444-30-4 C7H5F3O
6-Methoxy-1H-indanone 6-Methoxy-1H-indanone 13623-25-1 C10H10O2
Pivaldehyde Pivaldehyde 630-19-3 C5H10O
3,5-Dichlorobenzaldehyde 3,5-Dichlorobenzaldehyde 10203-08-4 C7H4Cl2O
1-Ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol 1-Ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol 78-27-3 C8H12O
(R)-(+)-2,2'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (R)-(+)-2,2'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl 76189-55-4 C44H32P2
4-METHOXY-2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZOIC ACID 4-METHOXY-2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZOIC ACID 127817-85-0 C9H7F3O3
3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane 2530-83-8 C9H20O5Si
Adamantane Adamantane 281-23-2 C10H16
Cyclopropyl methyl ketone Cyclopropyl methyl ketone 765-43-5 C5H8O
4'-Bromoacetophenone 4'-Bromoacetophenone 99-90-1 C8H7BrO
2-Amino-5-iodobenzoic acid 2-Amino-5-iodobenzoic acid 5326-47-6 C7H6INO2
2,3,5-Trimethylphenol 2,3,5-Trimethylphenol 697-82-5 C9H12O
Dimethyl fluoromalonate Dimethyl fluoromalonate 344-14-9 C5H7FO4
2-Hydroxymethylphenylboronic acid 2-Hydroxymethylphenylboronic acid 87199-14-2 C7H9BO3
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