Saccharides

Saccharides are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen three elements. From the chemical structure, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes, ketones or their polymers. Sugar widely present in the plant kingdom and it is a major component of plant material which plays an important role in physiological and biochemical processes in plants. According to the structure, saccharides can be divided into simple sugars (including glucose, fructose, and galactose), disaccharides (including sucrose, maltose, and lactose etc.) and polysaccharides (including starch, liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, etc.). Monosaccharides are simplest carbohydrates, a polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones which can not be hydrolyzed any more. They are commonly called aldoses and ketoses. For instance, glucose is an aldohexose, fructose is a ketohexose, and ribose is an aldopentose. The number of carbon atoms in the monosaccharide is no more than 10. Naturally occurring monosaccharides are 5 to 6 carbon atoms. Disaccharide is a combination of two monosaccharide molecules by removal of a molecule of H2O. The polysaccharide is made up of hundreds or even thousands of glucose molecules. After complete hydrolysis of polysaccharides, thousands of monosaccharide molecules such as starch cellulose and the like is emerging. Saccharide compounds closely related to human life. sugar is the main source of human energy. Saccharide is also closely related with drugs. For example, the patient needs glucose injection, dextran for plasma preparations;  production of tablets commonly used starch as excipients; saccharides contained in some traditional Chinese medicine has a physiological activity, such as Poria Charges carbohydrate on mice sarcoma S100 which have a strong inhibition PUPS ; lentinan also strong inhibition of tumor.

Saccharides are the major products of photosynthesis of green plants, a major source of energy needed to maintain the life of animals and plants, an indispensable diet for human and animal. Saccharides are also important raw materials on the industry, and they are used in the construction paper pharmaceutical and food sectors. Processing them directly and indirectly can meet the needs of basic necessities of human and other aspects. Recent studies of carbohydrates in two directions:
① carbohydrate chemists dedicated to synthetic compounds, primarily for long-term plans for social development to make human food possible to gradually get rid of dependence on agriculture. This synthetic task is to seek ways to change the current situation of natural photosynthesis in plants alone and to be economically viable.
② To study the relationship of saccharide and life is because proteins, nucleic acids often inseparable from sugar in the body. The mystery carbohydrate compound in the living body will be uncovered.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
4-Methylumbelliferyl2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranoside 4-Methylumbelliferyl2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranoside 28541-71-1 C24H26O12
4-AMINOPHENYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 4-AMINOPHENYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 29558-05-2 C12H17NO5S
CELLULOSE ACETATE PROPIONATE CELLULOSE ACETATE PROPIONATE 9004-39-1 C76H114O49
2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 25320-79-0 C16H18O6
4-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 4-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 135313-63-2 C14H16ClNO6
2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-D-ribose 2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-D-ribose 54623-25-5 C26H28O5
3-O-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSYL-D-GALACTOSE 3-O-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSYL-D-GALACTOSE 13168-24-6 C12H22O11
N-HEPTYL-BETA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE N-HEPTYL-BETA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE 85618-20-8 C13H26O5S
GAMMA-CYCLODEXTRIN HYDRATE GAMMA-CYCLODEXTRIN HYDRATE 91464-90-3 C48H82O41
ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE 52645-73-5 C16H24O9S
O-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE O-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE 70867-33-3 C18H25NO13
3,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranose 1,2-(methyl orthoacetate) 3,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranose 1,2-(methyl orthoacetate) 50801-29-1 C15H22O10
5-DEOXY-L-ARABINOSE 5-DEOXY-L-ARABINOSE 13039-56-0 C5H10O4
Pullulan Pullulan
Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranoside Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranoside 52554-28-6 C12H18O8
3-O-Benzyl-1,2,5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranose 3-O-Benzyl-1,2,5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranose 18685-18-2 C19H26O6
6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE 425427-87-8 C20H26ClNO11
(4-Methylumbelliferyl)-N-acetyl-α-D-neuraminic acid sodium salt (4-Methylumbelliferyl)-N-acetyl-α-D-neuraminic acid sodium salt 76204-02-9 C21H26NNaO11
6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 467214-46-6 C14H16ClNO6
5-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-2,3-O-isoproylidene-D-ribofuranose 5-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-2,3-O-isoproylidene-D-ribofuranose 68703-51-5 C14H28O5Si
HEXA-O-ACETYL-LACTAL HEXA-O-ACETYL-LACTAL 51450-24-9 C24H32O15
2,3-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-L-LYXONO-1,4-LACTONE 2,3-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-L-LYXONO-1,4-LACTONE 152006-17-2 C8H12O5
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-N,N'-DIACETYL-CHITOBIOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-N,N'-DIACETYL-CHITOBIOSIDE 53643-12-2 C26H34N2O13
1,6-ANHYDRO-BETA-D-GLUCOSE-2,3,4-TRI-O-ACETATE 1,6-ANHYDRO-BETA-D-GLUCOSE-2,3,4-TRI-O-ACETATE 13242-55-2 C12H16O8
6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 425427-88-9 C14H16ClNO6
6-BROMO-2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 6-BROMO-2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 28541-84-6 C16H17BrO6
beta-D-Glucopyranosylamine beta-D-Glucopyranosylamine 7284-37-9 C6H13NO5
P-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-LACTOPYRANOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-LACTOPYRANOSIDE 4419-94-7 C18H25NO13
METHYL 2-DEOXY-3,5-DI-O-P-TOLUOYL-D-*RIB OFURANOSIDE METHYL 2-DEOXY-3,5-DI-O-P-TOLUOYL-D-*RIB OFURANOSIDE 4330-34-1 C22H24O6
D-RIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT D-RIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT 18265-46-8 C5H12NaO8P
4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-Amino-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside 4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-Amino-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside 137687-00-4 C16H19NO7
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOPYRANOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOPYRANOSIDE 72626-61-0 C22H28O13
6-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 198402-61-8 C14H16ClNO6
5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINIDE 5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINIDE 5609-91-6 C16H18BrClN2O6
2,5-Anhydro-D-mannitol 2,5-Anhydro-D-mannitol 41107-82-8 C6H12O5
THIOCELLOBIOSE THIOCELLOBIOSE 80951-92-4 C12H22O10S
O-NITROPHENYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE O-NITROPHENYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 1158-17-4 C12H15NO7S
P-NITROPHENYL B-D-CELLOTETRAOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL B-D-CELLOTETRAOSIDE 129411-62-7 C30H45NO23
2'-NITROPHENYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 2'-NITROPHENYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 10139-01-2 C14H18N2O8
MURAMIC ACID MURAMIC ACID 1114-41-6 C9H17NO7
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-N,N',N',N''-TETRAACETYLCHITOTETRAOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-N,N',N',N''-TETRAACETYLCHITOTETRAOSIDE 53643-14-4 C42H60N4O23
2-Naphthyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside 2-Naphthyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside 33993-25-8 C16H18O6
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 28541-83-5 C16H18O8
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 80265-04-9 C18H21NO8
5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-D-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-D-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 17016-46-5 C14H15BrClNO5
ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-A-D-THIOGALACTOPYRANOSIDE ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-A-D-THIOGALACTOPYRANOSIDE 126187-25-5 C16H24O9S
D-ALTROSE D-ALTROSE 1990-29-0 C6H12O6
SEPHADEX G-75 SEPHADEX G-75 37224-29-6 NULL
9-(BETA-D-ARABINOFURANOSYL)GUANINE 9-(BETA-D-ARABINOFURANOSYL)GUANINE 38819-10-2 C10H13N5O5
5-BROMO-6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 5-BROMO-6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 198402-60-7 C14H15BrClNO6
P-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-CELLOPENTAOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL BETA-D-CELLOPENTAOSIDE 129411-63-8 C36H55NO28
D-Galactosamine pentaacetate D-Galactosamine pentaacetate 76375-60-5 C16H23NO10
4-NITROPHENYL HEPTA-O-ACETYL-BETA-LACTOS 4-NITROPHENYL HEPTA-O-ACETYL-BETA-LACTOS 84034-75-3 C32H39NO20
6-BROMO-2-NAPHTHYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE 6-BROMO-2-NAPHTHYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE 22720-35-0 C16H15BrO7
2-Azido-2-deoxy-D-glucose 2-Azido-2-deoxy-D-glucose 56883-39-7 C6H11N3O5
2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-ribofuranose 2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-ribofuranose 4099-88-1 C8H14O5
4-Nitrophenyl3-O-(b-D-glucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside 4-Nitrophenyl3-O-(b-D-glucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside 26255-70-9 C18H25NO13
2,5-DIDEOXY-2,5-IMINO-D-MANNITOL 2,5-DIDEOXY-2,5-IMINO-D-MANNITOL 59920-31-9 C6H13NO4
N-acetylneuraminic Acid Methyl Ester 2,4,7,8,9-Pentaacetate N-acetylneuraminic Acid Methyl Ester 2,4,7,8,9-Pentaacetate 73208-82-9 C22H31NO14
4-Isothiocyanatophenyl α-D-mannopyranoside 4-Isothiocyanatophenyl α-D-mannopyranoside 96345-79-8 C13H15NO6S
3'-N-ACETYLNEURAMINYL-N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE SODIUM SALT 3'-N-ACETYLNEURAMINYL-N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE SODIUM SALT 81693-22-3 C25H42N2O19
1,5-ANHYDRO-D-GLUCITOL 1,5-ANHYDRO-D-GLUCITOL 154-58-5 C6H12O5
6-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOLYL-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 159954-28-6 C14H16ClNO6
PHENYL-BETA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE PHENYL-BETA-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE 2936-70-1 C12H16O5S
METHYL ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSIDE METHYL ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSIDE 14917-55-6 C7H14O5
4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 72601-82-2 C16H18O7
DIACETONE-D-GLUCOSE DIACETONE-D-GLUCOSE 14686-89-6 C12H20O6
2-KETO-D-GLUCOSE 2-KETO-D-GLUCOSE 1854-25-7 C6H10O6
MALTOTRIITOL MALTOTRIITOL 32860-62-1 C18H34O16
ALPHA-ACETYLDIGOXIN ALPHA-ACETYLDIGOXIN 5511-98-8 C43H66O15
ALLYL-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D- ALLYL-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D- 10343-15-4 C17H24O10
N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose 35061-50-8 C16H28N2O11
SEPHADEX G-15 SEPHADEX G-15 11081-40-6 NULL
CELLULOSE TRIACETATE CELLULOSE TRIACETATE 9012-09-3 C40H54O27
1-THIO-BETA-D-GLUCOSE SODIUM SALT 1-THIO-BETA-D-GLUCOSE SODIUM SALT 10593-29-0 C6H13NaO5S
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside 210110-89-7 C16H18BrClN2O6
5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 125328-84-9 C14H15BrClNO5
1,6-ANHYDRO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 1,6-ANHYDRO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 644-76-8 C6H10O5
2-Deoxy-alpha-D-erythropentofuranosyl chloride 3,5-bis(4-methylbenzoate) 2-Deoxy-alpha-D-erythropentofuranosyl chloride 3,5-bis(4-methylbenzoate) 4330-21-6 C21H21ClO5
PHENYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE PHENYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE 17685-05-1 C12H14O7
CYANOMETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE CYANOMETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 61145-33-3 C16H21NO9S
METHYLMERCAPTO-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE METHYLMERCAPTO-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 155-30-6 C7H14O5S
O-NITROPHENYL-B-D-GLUCURONIDE POTASSIUM O-NITROPHENYL-B-D-GLUCURONIDE POTASSIUM 137629-36-8 C12H13NO9
N-DODECYL-B-D-THIOMALTOPYRANOSIDE, ANAGRADE N-DODECYL-B-D-THIOMALTOPYRANOSIDE, ANAGRADE 148565-58-6 C24H46O10S
BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE 20581-41-3 C13H15NO6S
BENZYL ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE BENZYL ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 15548-45-5 C13H18O6
N-UNDECYL BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE N-UNDECYL BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 70005-86-6 C17H34O6
3-O-METHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 3-O-METHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 13224-94-7 C7H14O6
1-O-Methyl-3,5-bis-O-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-alpha-D-erthro-pentofuranoside-2-ulose 1-O-Methyl-3,5-bis-O-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-alpha-D-erthro-pentofuranoside-2-ulose 443642-30-6 C20H18Cl4O5
Ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-b-D-galactopyranoside Ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-b-D-galactopyranoside 55722-49-1 C16H24O9S
D-SACCHARIC ACID 1 4-LACTONE D-SACCHARIC ACID 1 4-LACTONE 61278-30-6 C6H10O8
L-SORBITOL L-SORBITOL 6706-59-8 C6H14O6
b-Naphthyl b-D-Glucopyranoside Tetraacetate b-Naphthyl b-D-Glucopyranoside Tetraacetate 14581-89-6 C24H26O10
Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside 29755-00-8 C27H21Cl3O8
CITRATE SYNTHASE CITRATE SYNTHASE 9027-96-7 C6H5O7-3
ALLYL A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE ALLYL A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 7464-56-4 C9H16O6
N-Acetyl-β-neuraminic acid methyl ester monohydrate N-Acetyl-β-neuraminic acid methyl ester monohydrate 50998-13-5 C12H21NO9
2,3,4-TRI-O-BENZYL-L-FUCOPYRANOSE 2,3,4-TRI-O-BENZYL-L-FUCOPYRANOSE 60431-34-7 C27H30O5
P-NITROPHENYL ALPHA-D-XYLOPYRANOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL ALPHA-D-XYLOPYRANOSIDE 10238-28-5 C11H13NO7
BETA-D-ALLOSE BETA-D-ALLOSE 7283-09-2 C6H12O6
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