Chinese Herbs

Herbal chemistry refers to the subject combines modern scientific theories and methods for studying the chemical composition of herbs. The research object of herbal chemistry is the chemical composition of herbs. Herb has a very complicate chemical composition, usually containing sugars, amino acids, proteins, fats, waxes , enzymes, pigments, vitamins, organic acids, tannins, inorganic salts, essential oils, alkaloids, glycosides and so on. Each herb may contain a variety of ingredients. In these ingredients, there are some types with obvious biological activity and can play a role in health care, often referred to as the active ingredient, such as alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils, amino acids and so on.

The reason why herbs have medical effects is mainly due to the active ingredients contained in them. In addition to the many kinds of herbal active ingredient that have already been studied and widely applied in the past, such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial berberine, the ephedrine contained ephedra for asthma treatment, the anti-hypertension ingredient, reserpine contained in Rauvolfia verticillata, in recent years, it has been found of many more active ingredients contained in Chinese herb from both domestic and abroad. It has been particularly studied of the biological active ingredients in the field of anti-tumor, the treatment of cardiovascular disease and chronic bronchitis. Other ingredients are universally presented in the herbal kingdom, but usually have no biological activity without any pharmaceutical effect, thereby being known as "ineffective ingredients", such as carbohydrates, proteins, pigments, resins, and inorganic salts. However, the definition of “effective” and “ineffective” is not absolute, and some components originally considered as invalid have also become active ingredients later due to the presence of the biological activity contained in it. For example, the polysaccharide contained in mushrooms and poria cocos has certain anti-tumor effect; seaweed polysaccharide has lipid-lowering effect; the radices trichosanthis protein has a labor induction effect; tannin is widely presented in the herbal kingdom. Although it generally has no major effect on the treatment of diseases, thereby often being considered as a kind of inactive ingredient, the tannin contained in gall, Polygonum cuspidatum and sanguisorba officinalis, because of the high content and certain biological activity, is treated as a kind of active ingredient; another example is that the mucus is usually considered as ineffective ingredient, and is treated as an active ingredient in rhizome beltillae.

Owing to the development of modern science, the separation methods of all kinds of sophisticated quantitative methods tend to be fast, enabling the further deepened analysis on the chemical composition of herbs. In particular, people has combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, linking the separation, purification and identification, several steps together,  improving the speed and accuracy of structure determination, further opening broad prospects for the study of the chemical composition of herbs, in the 1950s, due to the discovery in folk medicine of blood pressure-lowering component, Rauwolfia alkaloids reserpine, and the discovery of the anticancer component, vincaleukoblastinum from Catharanthus roseus, there is a renewed emphasis on the study of the ingredients contained in folk herbal plant in the international scientific community. It is especially worth mentioning that many countries around the world are now competing on screening active anti-cancer ingredient from the plant drugs. In China, in recent years, it has been found from herbs Artemisia annua of artemisinin, being a fast-acting anti-malarial drug; the agrimophol identified from the bud and roots of Agrimonia pilosa has excellent tenia-expelling effect; the farrerol identified from Rhododendron and other studies on the components of ginseng and acanthopanax have all clarified that herbal chemistry has made substantial progress.

It can be expected that in the field of a number of drugs for the treatment of major disease, will soon obtain some new breakthroughs from plant ingredients. In the foundation of achieving a major success in the research of herbal and plant effective component, people has developed a new subject of plant tissue culture, which is a new area of research engaged in studying the production of secondary metabolites from plant tissue after artificial culture process, which aims to directionally produce a lot of active ingredients in favor of the industrial production. For example, the crude soap content in the ginseng tissue culture can be up to 21%. Meanwhile, it is promising that tissue culture can develop into an effective method of analyzing the biosynthetic pathway of plant components. The proposed chemical plant taxonomy in the recent nearly three decades is exactly the development of the chemical constituents of plants, namely hoping to develop a truly natural classification system from the distribution principle of metabolites in plants (chemical composition). It will promote the study of the kinship of plants from the angle of the chemical constituents.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
HELENALIN HELENALIN 6754-13-8 C15H18O4
(-)-ASARININ  97 (-)-ASARININ 97 133-05-1 C20H18O6
Fo-ti Root Ext Fo-ti Root Ext
Giant Knotweed Extract/Giant Knotweed P.E. Giant Knotweed Extract/Giant Knotweed P.E.
ENTERODIOL ENTERODIOL 80226-00-2 C18H22O4
ANAGYRINE ANAGYRINE 486-89-5 C15H20N2O
BITTER MELON P.E. BITTER MELON P.E.
VILMORRIANINE C VILMORRIANINE C 73870-35-6 C35H49NO9
CIMICIFUGOSIDE H-2 CIMICIFUGOSIDE H-2 161097-77-4 C35H54O10
isoliquiritin apioside isoliquiritin apioside 120926-46-7 C26H30O13
NERIIFOLIN NERIIFOLIN 466-07-9 C30H46O8
TRANS-ZEATIN RIBOSIDE TRANS-ZEATIN RIBOSIDE 28542-78-1 C15H21N5O5
LOBELANIDINE HCL LOBELANIDINE HCL 6112-86-3 C22H30ClNO2
inulicin inulicin 33627-41-7 C17H24O5
Ursonic acid benzyl ester Ursonic acid benzyl ester 869788-71-6 C37H52O3
Bavachalcone Bavachalcone 28448-85-3 C20H20O4
3-Epiursolic acid 3-Epiursolic acid 989-30-0 C30H48O3
Honeysuckle extract Honeysuckle extract 223749-79-9
(-)-ZEYLENOL (-)-ZEYLENOL 78804-17-8 C21H20O7
MORPHINE MORPHINE 57-27-2 C17H19NO3
ANEMONIN ANEMONIN 90921-11-2 C10H8O4
HAWTHORN LEAF EXTRACT HAWTHORN LEAF EXTRACT
Indian Wild Chrysantyemum Flower P.E Indian Wild Chrysantyemum Flower P.E
opcs opcs
8-BROMOHYPOXANTHINE 8-BROMOHYPOXANTHINE 56046-36-7 C5H3BrN4O
1-(1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)ethanone 1-(1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)ethanone 3785-24-8 C13H12O3
PALMATINE(P) PALMATINE(P)
Methyl corosolate Methyl corosolate 4518-70-1 C31H50O4
DL-6'-BROMOLAUDANOSIN DL-6'-BROMOLAUDANOSIN 53392-66-8 C21H26BrNO4
ATRACTYLOSIDE SODIUM SALT ATRACTYLOSIDE SODIUM SALT 100938-11-2 C30H44Na2O16S2
THEAFLAVINE(P) THEAFLAVINE(P)
CHASMANINE CHASMANINE 5066-78-4 C25H41NO6
HOMOARBUTIN HOMOARBUTIN 25712-94-1 C13H18O7
RABDOPHYLLIN H RABDOPHYLLIN H 102641-82-7 C24H36O9
ARTEANNUIC ACID ARTEANNUIC ACID C15H22O2
GANODERIC ACID H GANODERIC ACID H 98665-19-1 C32H44O9
12-TRIDECANOIC ACID 12-TRIDECANOIC ACID 6006-06-0 C13H24O2
HUMULONE HUMULONE 26472-41-3 C21H30O5
MURISTERONE A MURISTERONE A 38778-30-2 C27H44O8
Codonopsis pilosula powder Codonopsis pilosula powder 141726-23-0 C16H18O2
TRIBULOSIDE TRIBULOSIDE 22153-44-2 C30H26O13
Alpinetin Alpinetin C16H14O4
6''-O-ACETYLGLYCITIN 6''-O-ACETYLGLYCITIN 134859-96-4 C24H24O11
25-O-ACETYLCIMIGENOL XYLOSIDE 25-O-ACETYLCIMIGENOL XYLOSIDE 27994-12-3 C37H58O10
KUDZU ROOT P.E. KUDZU ROOT P.E.
Baical Skullcap Root Extract Baical Skullcap Root Extract
5-methylenefuran-2(5H)-one 5-methylenefuran-2(5H)-one 108-28-1 C5H4O2
(+/-)-HIGENAMINE (+/-)-HIGENAMINE C16H17NO3
RABDOPHYLLIN G RABDOPHYLLIN G 82460-75-1 C22H30O7
phellopterin phellopterin 2543-94-4 C17H16O5
CAPSICUM EXTRACT CAPSICUM EXTRACT
Common Valerian Root P.E. Common Valerian Root P.E.
Chast tree berry P.E Chast tree berry P.E
MAOECRYSTAL A MAOECRYSTAL A 96850-30-5 C22H28O6
TREMULACIN TREMULACIN 29836-41-7 C27H28O11
4',5,7,8-TETRAHYDROXYFLAVANONE 4',5,7,8-TETRAHYDROXYFLAVANONE 479-54-9 C15H12O6
ALLOISOIMPERATORIN ALLOISOIMPERATORIN 35214-83-6 C16H14O4
AMETHYSTOIDIN A AMETHYSTOIDIN A 81126-70-7 C20H28O5
CHONDROITIN SULTATE CHONDROITIN SULTATE
Lotus Leaf Extract Lotus Leaf Extract
Passion flower P.E Passion flower P.E
PTEROSTILBENE(P) PTEROSTILBENE(P)
BRUCEINE D BRUCEINE D C20H26O9
GUAYEWUANINE A GUAYEWUANINE A C31H43NO9
6''-O-MALONYLGENISTIN 6''-O-MALONYLGENISTIN 51011-05-3 C24H22O13
DAURICINE DAURICINE C38H44N2O6
TRIPTOTRITERPENIC ACID A TRIPTOTRITERPENIC ACID A C30H48O4
ISOCUPRESSIC ACID ISOCUPRESSIC ACID C20H32O3
VILMORRIANINE B VILMORRIANINE B C35H49NO11
Huperzia Serrate P.E Huperzia Serrate P.E
safflor yellow (A) safflor yellow (A) 85532-77-0 C27H30O15
AZEDARACHIN(TOOSENDANIN) AZEDARACHIN(TOOSENDANIN) C30H38O11
TARAXEROL TARAXEROL
Formononetin Formononetin C15H10O4
flavanol flavanol C15H14O2
Guan-fu base A Guan-fu base A 1394-48-5 C24H31NO6
turkesterone turkesterone 41451-87-0 C27H44O8
PraeruptorinABCD PraeruptorinABCD
2beta-Hydroxyursolic acid 2beta-Hydroxyursolic acid 87205-98-9 C30H48O4
Coriatin Coriatin 91653-75-7 C15H20O6
Lotus Plumule P.E. Lotus Plumule P.E.
Pueraria Flavonid Pueraria Flavonid
GYPENOSIDE XLIV GYPENOSIDE XLIV C47H80O19
MOGROSIDE IV MOGROSIDE IV 88915-64-4 C54H92O24
(+)-TARAXASTEROL (+)-TARAXASTEROL C30H50O
BEESIOSIDE P BEESIOSIDE P C37H62O11
BEESIOSIDE O BEESIOSIDE O C37H58O10
GUAYEWUANINE B GUAYEWUANINE B C35H49NO12
ISOFLAVONES ISOFLAVONES
Agaricus blazei murillpolysaccharideP.E. Agaricus blazei murillpolysaccharideP.E.
Arsenobentaine Arsenobentaine C5H11NO2
Stachydrine Stachydrine 515-24-2 C7H13NO3
1-METHYL-2,3,4,9-TETRAHYDRO-1H-BETA-CARBOLINEHYDROCHLORIDE 1-METHYL-2,3,4,9-TETRAHYDRO-1H-BETA-CARBOLINEHYDROCHLORIDE 6678-82-6 C12H15ClN2
VERPROSIDE VERPROSIDE 50932-20-2 C22H26O13
DAPHNIN DAPHNIN C15H16O9
ISOMANGIFERIN ISOMANGIFERIN C19H18O11
DENUDATINE DENUDATINE C22H33NO2
(E)-octadec-11-en-9-ynoic acid (E)-octadec-11-en-9-ynoic acid 557-58-4 C18H30O2
Hippophae Seed  Oil Hippophae Seed Oil
Alfafa Ext. Alfafa Ext.
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