β-Lactamase inhibitors

The β-lactamase inhibitor is a class of agents that can inhibit the activity of β-lactamase and hence avert or reduce the hydrolysis of inner β-lactam. Used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics, it can inhibit drug resistant bacteria, extended their antibacterial spectrum and enhance their antibacterial activity. According to their acting mechanism, β-lactamase inhibitors are divided into competitive inhibitor and noncompetitive inhibitor.

Competitive inhibitors
① Reversible competitive inhibitors such as cl- oxacillin and dicloxacillin, etc.:They compete with inner β-lactam for the active site within the β-lactamase without chemical interactions. Once removed, β-lactamase will regain its activity.

② Irreversible competitive inhibitors such as clavulanic acid and penicillanic sulfone: they will cause irreversible chemical reactions with β-lactamase and inactivate the enzyme. Even after the remained irreversible competitive inhibitors removed, the enzyme cannot be reproduced.

Noncompetitive inhibitors
they don’t compete with the substrate for the binding sites within the enzyme, but bind themselves onto the sites far from the catalytic sites and metamorphosize the enzyme and hence inactivate it. Methicillin, one of inhibitors above, is a competitive inhibitor at low concentrations, but a noncompetitive inhibitor at high concentrations.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
Side chain for meropenem Side chain for meropenem 96034-64-9 C15H19N3O5S
Cefaclor monohydrate Cefaclor monohydrate 70356-03-5 C15H16ClN3O5S
Faropenem sodium hemipentahydrate Faropenem sodium hemipentahydrate 106560-14-9 C12H15NO5S
Sulbactam Sulbactam 68373-14-8 C8H11NO5S
Doripenem hydrate Doripenem hydrate 364622-82-2 C15H26N4O7S2
Ertapenem Ertapenem 153832-46-3 C22H25N3O7S
Doripenem Doripenem 148016-81-3 C15H24N4O6S2
3-[[[(2S,4S)-4-Mercapto-1-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)carbonyl-2-pyrrolidinyl]carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid 3-[[[(2S,4S)-4-Mercapto-1-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)carbonyl-2-pyrrolidinyl]carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid 202467-69-4 C20H19N3O7S
Cefozopran Cefozopran 113359-04-9 C19H17N9O5S2
BIAPENEM SIDE CHAIN BIAPENEM SIDE CHAIN 153851-71-9 C5H8ClN3S
Cefprozil hydrate Cefprozil hydrate 121123-17-9 C18H21N3O6S
Cilastatin Cilastatin 82009-34-5 C16H26N2O5S
Ticarcillin disodium salt Ticarcillin disodium salt 4697-14-7 C15H17N2NaO6S2
p-Nitrobenzyl-6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-3,7-dione-2-carboxylate p-Nitrobenzyl-6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-3,7-dione-2-carboxylate 74288-40-7 C16H16N2O7
Imipenem Imipenem 74431-23-5 C12H19N3O5S
Meropenem Meropenem 96036-03-2 C17H25N3O5S
Cefcapene pivoxil Cefcapene pivoxil 105889-45-0 C23H29N5O8S2
ACS-PNZ-PYRROLIDYL-(BOC)-NSO2NH2 ACS-PNZ-PYRROLIDYL-(BOC)-NSO2NH2 491878-06-9 C20H28N4O9S2
(2R,4S)-4-nitrobenzyl 4-Mercapto-2-((sulfaMoylaMino)Methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (2R,4S)-4-nitrobenzyl 4-Mercapto-2-((sulfaMoylaMino)Methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate 148017-03-2 C13H18N4O6S2
Sulbactam sodium Sulbactam sodium 69388-84-7 C8H12NNaO5S
Aztreonam Aztreonam 78110-38-0 C13H17N5O8S2
Ertapenem sodium Ertapenem sodium 153773-82-1 C22H26N3NaO7S
3-(2-Bromo-1-oxopropyl)-spiro[2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,1'-cyclohexan]-4(3H)-one 3-(2-Bromo-1-oxopropyl)-spiro[2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,1'-cyclohexan]-4(3H)-one 158299-05-9 C16H18BrNO3
Panipenem Panipenem 87726-17-8 C15H21N3O4S
Protected Imipenem Protected Imipenem 98367-45-4 C27H27N5O10S
Cilastatin&imipenem Cilastatin&imipenem
Sultamicillic tosylate Sultamicillic tosylate
Cefoperazone sodium +sulbactam sodium(1:1/2:1) Cefoperazone sodium +sulbactam sodium(1:1/2:1)
(3S,4R)-3-[(1R)-1-Hydroxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-methyl-3-diazo-3-(p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl)-2-oxopropyl]azetidin-2-one (3S,4R)-3-[(1R)-1-Hydroxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-methyl-3-diazo-3-(p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl)-2-oxopropyl]azetidin-2-one 137391-68-5 C17H18N4O7
3-Azetidinethiol, 1-(4,5-dihydro-2-thiazolyl)-, monohydrochloride 3-Azetidinethiol, 1-(4,5-dihydro-2-thiazolyl)-, monohydrochloride 179337-57-6 C6H11ClN2S2
1,2-Pyrrolidinedicarboxylic acid, 4-[(Methylsulfonyl)oxy]-, 2-Methyl 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)Methyl] ester, (2S,4R)- 1,2-Pyrrolidinedicarboxylic acid, 4-[(Methylsulfonyl)oxy]-, 2-Methyl 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)Methyl] ester, (2S,4R)- 138324-82-0 C15H18N2O9S
Sulbactam pivoxil Sulbactam pivoxil 69388-79-0 C14H21NO7S
Potassium clavulanate Potassium clavulanate 61177-45-5 C8H10KNO5
Cefuzonam Cefuzonam 82219-78-1 C16H15N7O5S4
Ritipenem Ritipenem 84845-57-8 C10H12N2O6S
Imipenem-Cilastatin sodium hydrate Imipenem-Cilastatin sodium hydrate 92309-29-0 C28H43N5O9S2
Tazobactam sodium Tazobactam sodium 89785-84-2 C10H12N4NaO5S
Ertapenem Disodium Ertapenem Disodium 153832-38-3 C22H26N3NaO7S
(5R,6S)-3-[(Diphenoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (4-nitrophenyl)methyl ester (5R,6S)-3-[(Diphenoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (4-nitrophenyl)methyl ester 75321-08-3 C28H25N2O10P
Clavulanate PotassiuM+Microcrystalline cellulose(1:1) Clavulanate PotassiuM+Microcrystalline cellulose(1:1)
MeropeneM with SodiuM Carbonate MeropeneM with SodiuM Carbonate
Faropenem daloxate Faropenem daloxate 141702-36-5 C17H19NO8S
CARUMONAM CARUMONAM 87638-04-8 C12H14N6O10S2
Tebipenem Tebipenem 161715-21-5 C16H21N3O4S2
Imipenem Imipenem 64221-86-9 C12H17N3O4S
AMoxicillin and Clavulanate PotassiuM AMoxicillin and Clavulanate PotassiuM
Tazobactam acid Tazobactam acid 89786-04-9 C10H12N4O5S
Sulopenem Sulopenem 120788-07-0 C12H15NO5S3
Sultamicillin Sultamicillin 76497-13-7 C25H30N4O9S2
Faropenem sodium Faropenem sodium 122547-49-3 C12H14NO5S.Na
Thienamycin Thienamycin 59995-64-1 C11H16N2O4S
TRANS-4-HYDROXY-1-(4-NITROBENZYLOXYCARBONYL)-L-PROLINE TRANS-4-HYDROXY-1-(4-NITROBENZYLOXYCARBONYL)-L-PROLINE 96034-57-0 C13H14N2O7
TEBIPENEM PIVOXIL TEBIPENEM PIVOXIL 161715-24-8 C22H31N3O6S2
Clavulanic acid Clavulanic acid 58001-44-8 C8H9NO5
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