Estrogen and progestin drugs

Estrogen drugs can be divided into three types:
1. Natural Estrogen: the natural estrogen secreted by the body includes estradiol, estrone and estriol. At present, the estrogen commonly used in clinical contains its derivatives, estradiol and its synthetic derivatives, such as the ong-acting estrogen estradiol benzoate, estradiol valerate, estradiol cypionate used for injection and the orally active ethinyl estradiol, quinestrol. And they are all the commonly used clinical estrogen drugs, which can also be combined with progestogen to form various compounds and be used for contraceptives. The estriol has weaker estrogenic activity than estradiol, and is characterized by the selection to vagina and cervical canal. The estriol in clinic is mainly used to cure menopausal syndrome and senile vaginitis. Their metabolic processes in the body is similar to the natural estrogen. Premarin is a kind of natural conjugated estrogens, and can be used as a supplement therapeutic agent for estrogen.
2. Semi-synthetic estrogen: ethinyl estradiol is a oral potent estrogen, and the effect of ethinyl estradiol is about 20 times than that of diethylstilbestrol. Its long derivatives is nilestriol.
3. The synthetic estrogen (non-steroidal estrogens): the nonsteroidal synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol and other drugs are also commonly used in the clinical practice, in which the chloroallyl female ether is the best variety.

The progesterone drugs generally include the progesterone and the drugs that have similar physiological activity with the natural progesterone (progestogens). Its physiological effects are closely related with the progesterone. It changes the uterine tissue in order to facilitate the transport implantation and development of the fertilized egg. At the same time,   it can suppress the ovulation and effect the function of the uterus and the development of the mammary gland. The natural progesterone comes from the cyclical secretion of the corpus luteum and can be synthesized with Yaro sapogenin and sterol in industry.
The engineered progestin compounds, according to their chemical structure, can be divided into two categories:
1. progesterone derivatives 17α- hydroxyprogesterone class, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (medroxyprogesterone acetate, medr-oxyprogesterone acetate), megestrol acetate, chlormadinone (chlormadinone acetate) and injectable long-acting progesterone caproate (17α- hydroxyprogesterone caproate, hydroxyprogester-one caproate) and the like.
2. 19-nortestosterone class, such as norethindrone, norethindrone (norethynodrel), and other high-quinolone represented. Their structure is based on the 19-acetylene testosterone that has different structure with the progesterone and the position of the methyl-10,13-substituted have also been changed.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
Promestriene Promestriene 39219-28-8 C22H32O2
Estrone Estrone 53-16-7 C18H22O2
Ethynyl estradiol Ethynyl estradiol 57-63-6 C20H24O2
Estriol Estriol 50-27-1 C18H24O3
β-Estradiol β-Estradiol 50-28-2 C18H24O2
Progesterone Progesterone 57-83-0 C21H30O2
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Medroxyprogesterone Acetate 71-58-9 C24H34O4
Estradiol benzoate Estradiol benzoate 50-50-0 C25H28O3
ALTRENOGEST ALTRENOGEST 55720-26-8 C6H13ClN2O3
Medrogestone Medrogestone 977-79-7 C23H32O2
Cyproterone acetate Cyproterone acetate 427-51-0 C24H29ClO4
17a-Ethynyl-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17b-diol 3-methyl ether 17a-Ethynyl-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17b-diol 3-methyl ether 72-33-3 C21H26O2
Allylestrenol Allylestrenol 432-60-0 C21H32O
Estradiol valerate Estradiol valerate 979-32-8 C23H32O3
Diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol 6898-97-1 C18H20O2
Ethisterone Ethisterone 434-03-7 C21H28O2
DIENESTROL DIENESTROL 84-17-3 C18H18O2
HEXESTROL HEXESTROL 84-16-2 C18H22O2
2-METHYL-4-TRIMETHYLSILYL-3-BUTYN-2-OL 2-METHYL-4-TRIMETHYLSILYL-3-BUTYN-2-OL 5272-33-3 C8H16OSi
Premarin Premarin 12126-59-9 C18H19NaO5S
Nomegestrol 17-acetate Nomegestrol 17-acetate 58652-20-3 C23H30O4
MOXESTROL MOXESTROL C21H26O3
quinestradol quinestradol 1169-79-5 C23H32O3
Alphasone acetonide Alphasone acetonide 4968-09-6 C24H34O4
Nilestriol Nilestriol 39791-20-3 C25H32O3
Nomegestrol Nomegestrol 58691-88-6 C21H28O3
HexestroleBromoacetate HexestroleBromoacetate
POLY(ESTRADIOL PHOSPHATE) POLY(ESTRADIOL PHOSPHATE) 34828-67-6 C18H24O8P2X2
Gestonorone Gestonorone 2137-18-0 C20H28O3
Flugestone Flugestone 337-03-1 C21H29FO4
17ALPHA-ESTRADIOL HEMIHYDRATE VETRANAL 17ALPHA-ESTRADIOL HEMIHYDRATE VETRANAL 6045-52-9 C18H26O3
Almestrone Almestrone 10448-96-1 C19H24O2
Dydrogesterone Dydrogesterone
PROMEGESTONE PROMEGESTONE 34184-77-5 C22H30O2
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL DIPROPIONATE DIETHYLSTILBESTROL DIPROPIONATE 130-80-3 C24H28O4
Esterified Estrogens Esterified Estrogens
Estropipate Estropipate 7280-37-7 C22H32N2O5S
DIMETHISTERONE DIMETHISTERONE 79-64-1 C23H32O2
methallenestril methallenestril 517-18-0 C18H22O3
Cyproterone Cyproterone 2098-66-0 C22H27ClO3
17-Hydroxy-19-nor-17alpha-pregna-4,9,11-trien-20-yn-3-one 17-Hydroxy-19-nor-17alpha-pregna-4,9,11-trien-20-yn-3-one 848-21-5 C20H22O2
CHLOROTRIANISENE CHLOROTRIANISENE 569-57-3 C23H21ClO3
GESTONORONE CAPROATE GESTONORONE CAPROATE 1253-28-7 C26H38O4
Diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 C18H20O2
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