Copper(II) sulfate

Copper(II) sulfate Basic information
Product Name:Copper(II) sulfate
Synonyms:Coppersulfateanhydrousgreenpowder;COPPER SULPHATE (FEED GRADE);Copper(II)sulfateanhydrous,98%;Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, for analysis, 98+%;Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, pure, 98%;Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous, extra pure, Ph Eur, USP, BP;"Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous/ 97+%";Copper(II) sulfate,Cupric sulfate
CAS:7758-98-7
MF:CuO4S
MW:159.61
EINECS:231-847-6
Product Categories:Inorganics;Feed additive;metal sulfate;copper salt,water treatment;7758-98-7
Mol File:7758-98-7.mol
Copper(II) sulfate Structure
Copper(II) sulfate Chemical Properties
Melting point 200 °C (dec.)(lit.)
density 3.603 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure 7.3 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
storage temp. Store at +5°C to +30°C.
solubility H2O: soluble
form powder
color Slightly greenish to gray
Specific Gravity3.603
Odorodorless
PH3.5-4.5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
PH Range3.7 - 4.5
Water Solubility 203 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,2653
Exposure limitsACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3
Stability:hygroscopic
InChIKeyARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L
CAS DataBase Reference7758-98-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceCupric sulfate(7758-98-7)
EPA Substance Registry SystemCupric sulfate (7758-98-7)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,N,Xi
Risk Statements 36/38-50/53-22-51/53-36/37/38
Safety Statements 24/25-36-60-61-22-26
RIDADR UN 3288 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 2
RTECS GL8800000
3
TSCA Yes
HS Code 2833 25 00
HazardClass 6.1
PackingGroup III
Hazardous Substances Data7758-98-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 481 mg/kg
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Copper(II) sulfate Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesCupric sulfate, a bluish crystalline powder, also known as hydrocyanite and copper sulfate, vitriol, chalcanthite, and bluestone, is an azure blue material used in the It is used in the leather industry. It is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid and copper. It is also obtained as a by-product from copper refineries.
Chemical PropertiesCopper sulfate (anhydrous form) is green or gray-white powder, whereas pentahydrate, the most commonly encountered salt, is bright blue. The anhydrous form occurs as a rare mineral known as chalcocyanite. Hydrated copper sulfate occurs in nature as chalcanthite. Copper sulfate is made by the action of sulfuric acid with a variety of copper compounds. Copper sulfate is used in hair dyes, coloring glass, processing of leather, textiles, and in pyrotechnics as a green colorant. Copper sulfate pentahydrate is used as a fungicide and a mixture with lime is called Bordeux mixture and is used to control fungus on grapes, melons, and other berries, as a molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fl uke. Copper sulfate is used in Fehling and Benedict’s solution to test reducing sugars
Chemical PropertiesCopper sulfate is a greenish-white crystalline solid; the pentahydrate is Blue powder or granules, or ultramarine crystalline solid.
UsesUsed as an antimicrobial and molluscicide.
UsesCopper sulfate is also known as blue vitriol, this substance was made by the action of sulfuric acid on elemental copper. The bright-blue crystals are soluble in water and alcohol. Mixed with ammonia, copper sulfate was used in liquid filters. The most common application for copper sulfate was combining it with potassium bromide for making copper bromide bleach for intensification and toning. Some photographers used copper sulfate as a restrainer in ferrous sulfate developers that were used in the collodion process.
UsesCopper Sulfate is a nutrient supplement and processing aid most often used in the pentahydrate form. This form occurs as large, deep blue or ultramarine, triclinic crystals, as blue granules, or as a light blue powder. The ingredient is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid with cupric oxide or with copper metal. May be used in infant formula. It is also termed cupric sulfate.
UsesCopper(II) sulfate may be employed for the following studies:
  • As a catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols and phenols under solvent-free conditions.
  • To compose the electrolyte for the electrodeposition of Cu-Zn-Sn precursors, required for the preparation of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films.
  • As a Lewis acid catalyst for the dehydration of alcohols.5
DefinitionA compound prepared as the hydrate by the action of dilute sulfuric acid on copper( II) oxide or copper(II) carbonate. On crystallization, blue triclinic crystals of the pentahydrate (blue vitriol, CuSO4.5H2O) are formed. Industrially copper(II) sulfate is prepared by passing air through a hot mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and scrap copper. The solution formed is recycled until the concentration of the copper(II) sulfate is sufficient. Copper(II) sulfate is readily soluble in water. The monohydrate (CuSO4.H2O) is formed at 100°C and the anhydrous salt at 250°C. Anhydrous copper( II) sulfate is white; it is extremely hygroscopic and turns blue on absorption of water. It decomposes on heating to give copper(II) oxide and sulfur(VI) oxide.
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a wood preservative, a fungicide (in Bordeaux mixture), and in the dyeing and electroplating industries.
DefinitionChEBI: A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.
General DescriptionA white or off-white solid. Melting point 200°C with decomposition. Non-combustible.
Air & Water ReactionsSoluble in water.
Reactivity ProfileAnhydrous Cupric sulfate serves as a weak oxidizing agent. Causes hydroxylamine to ignite. Gains water readily. The hydrated salt is vigorously reduced by hydroxylamine [Mellor 8:292(1946-1947)]. Both forms are incompatible with finely powdered metals. Both are incompatible with magnesium, corrode steel and iron, may react with alkalis, phosphates, acetylene gas, hydrazine, or nitromethane, and may react with beta-naphthol, propylene glycol, sulphathiazole and triethanolamine if the pH exceeds 7 . Both act as acidic salts, corrode metals and irritate tissues.
HazardToxic; highly irritant.
Health HazardWorkers who accidentally ingest copper sulfate experience abdominal pain and cramps, burning sensation, corrosive effects, nausea, vomiting, loose bowel movement, and a metallic taste. Exposures to copper sulfate by ingestion or skin absorption cause severe irritating effects to the eyes and skin The aerosol is irritating to the respiratory tract, and effects on the blood, kidneys and liver result in hemolytic anemia, kidney impairment, liver impairment, and shock or collapse. At large doses, accidental intake of copper sulfate causes renal failure, comatose, and even death. Long-term exposure to copper sulfate may lead to liver damage, lung diseases, and decreased female fertility.
Health HazardINGESTION: copper sulfate may induce severe gastroenteric distress (vomiting, gastroenteric pain, and local corrosion and hemorrhages), prostration, anuria, hematuria, anemia, increase in white blood cells, icterus, coma, respiratory difficulties, and circulatory failure.
Agricultural UsesFungicide, Algaecide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Molluscicide: Copper sulfate is a fungicide used to control bacterial and fungal diseases of fruit, vegetable, nut, and field crops. These diseases include mildew, leaf spots, blights, and apple scab. It is used as a protective fungicide (Bordeaux mixture) for leaf application and seed treatment. It is also used as an algaecide and herbicide, and to kill slugs and snails in irrigation and municipal water treatment systems. It has been used to control Dutch elm disease. It is available as a dust, wettable powder, or liquid concentrate. Used as a fungicide and algaecide, in veterinary medicine and others. Copper sulfate is also used todetect and to remove trace amounts of water from alcohols and organic compounds.
Industrial usesCopper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) is widely used as an activator for sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and other sulfides during processing of base metal ores. During flotation of some silicate minerals, copper sulfate is used as depressant, e.g. zirconium.
In manufacturing copper sulfate, sulfuric acid and scrap copper metal are used. The process is based on the oxidation of metal and dissolution with H2SO4 according to the following reaction:
4Cu + O2 = 2Cu2O Cu2O + H2SO4 = CuSO4 + H2O 2Cu2SO4 + 2H2SO4 + O2 = 4CuSO4 + 2H2O Usually, in mineral processing applications, copper sulfate is delivered in crystal form.

Trade nameAGRITOX®; BASICOP®; BCS COPPER FUNGICIDE®; BSC FLOWABLE®[C]; COPSIN®; CP BASIC SULFATE®; CUPROFIX®; FUNGI-SPERSE II[C]; SULTRACOB®; TNCS® 53; TRIANGLE®
Safety ProfileA human poison by ingestion. An experimental poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, parenteral, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: gastritis, Qarrhea, nausea or vomiting, damage to kidney tubules, and hemolysis. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Reacts violently with hydroxylamine, magnesium. See also COPPER COMPOUNDS and SULFATES. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx
Potential ExposureCopper sulfate is used as intermediate and wood preservative; also used in production of copper compounds; to detect and to remove trace amounts of water from alcohols and organic compounds; as a fungicide and algicide; in veterinary medicine and others.
storageWorkers should keep copper sulfate stored in a cool, dry area with suffi cient ventilation. It should be kept away from alkalis, magnesium, ammonia, acetylene, and sodium hypobromite.
ShippingUN3288 Toxic solids, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
Purification MethodsAfter adding 0.02g of KOH to a litre of nearly saturated aqueous solution of the sulfate, it is left for two weeks, then the precipitate is filtered on to a fibreglass filter with pore diameter of 5-15 microns. The filtrate is heated to 90o and allowed to evaporate until some CuSO4.5H2O crystallises out. The solution is then filtered hot and cooled rapidly to give crystals which are freed from mother liquor by filtering under suction [Geballe & Giauque J Am Chem Soc 74 3513 1952]. Alternatively crystallise the sulfate from water (0.6mL/g) between 100o and 0o. The pentahydrate is slowly efflorescent, losing 2H2O at 30o, two more H2O are lost at 110o and a white anhydrous powder (dessicant) is obtained on heating above 250o.
IncompatibilitiesAqueous solution is an acid. May form explosive materials on contact with acetylene and nitromethane. Incompatible with strong bases; hydroxylamine, magnesium; zirconium, sodium hypobromite, hydrazine.
Waste DisposalCopper-containing soluble wastes can be concentrated through the use of ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or evaporators to the point where copper can be electrolytically removed and sent to a reclaiming firm. If recovery is not feasible, the copper can be precipitated through the use of caustics and the sludge deposited in a chemical waste landfill Add soda ash to waste CuSO4 solution; let stand 24 hours. Decant and neutralize solution before flushing to sewer. Landfill sludge.
PrecautionsDuring handling and use of copper sulfate, students and occupational workers should wear safety glasses and should not breathe the material in powder form. Copper sulfate is an environmental pollutant and must be carefully incorporated when used in its varied applications. Workers should wear protective clothing, goggles, impermeable gloves, and rubber boots to avoid skin contact
Copper(II) sulfate Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsSulfuric acid-->Copper-->Cupric oxide-->Cupric hydroxide-->COPPER(II) SULFIDE
Preparation Products2-(2-CHLOROETHOXY)-BENZENESULFONAMIDE-->5-FLUORO-2-HYDROXY-3-METHYLBENZALDEHYDE-->1-METHYLTHYMINE-->Phthalide-->Copper(II) gluconate-->6-BROMOPHTHALAZIN-1(2H)-ONE-->4-NITROPHENYL PHENYL ETHER-->2-CYANO-5-METHYLBENZENESULFONYL CHLORIDE-->4-FLUORO-2-NITROBENZONITRILE-->Reactive Blue BRF-->1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-galactopyranose-->5-chloro-2-methylbenzenediazonium-->3-PHENOXYTOLUENE-->Direct Blend Blue-->REACTIVE VIOLET 5-->3-Fluorophenol-->3-NITRO-PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID-->2-Bromo-5-nitrothiazole-->ETHYL 2-CHLORO-4-METHYL-1,3-THIAZOLE-5-CARBOXYLATE-->Cupric hydroxide-->zinc plating additive DPE-1-->Solvent Violet 8-->Sulphur Brown 4-->trisodium [5-acetamido-4-hydroxy-3-[[2-hydroxy-5-[[2-(sulphooxy)ethyl]sulphonyl]phenyl]azo]naphthalene-2,7-disulphonato(5-)]cuprate(3-)-->CuO-Al inorganic adhesive-->ACID BLUE 62-->Reactive Violet 2-->5-CHLORO-2-NITROANISOLE-->4-Chlorobenzenesulfonic acid-->Disperse Red 86-->tetrasodium [mu-[[7,7'-(carbonyldiimino)bis[4-hydroxy-3-[(2-hydroxy-5-sulphophenyl)azo]naphthalene-2-sulphonato]](8-)]]dicuprate(4-)-->COPPER(II) 2-ETHYLHEXANOATE-->Reactive Black 31-->Rubber peptizer-->PROCION BLUE H-5R-->trisodium [2-[(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]-5-hydroxy-6-[(2-hydroxy-5-sulphophenyl)azo]naphthalene-1,7-disulphonato(5-)]cuprate(3-)-->tetraammonium [mu-[[5,5'-[carbonylbis[imino(2-hydroxy-5-sulpho-p-phenylene)azo]]bis[6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonato]](8-)]]dicuprate(4-)-->Copper pyrophosphate-->Cuprous thiocyanate
Sodium sulfate Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Tetraamine copper(II)sulfate monohydrate,Cupric sulfate, ammoniated. Neomycin sulfate Copper sulfate Ferric sulfate Copper sulfate basic Albuterol sulfate QUINIDINE CUPRIC SULFATE Cupric oxide Copper(II) sulfate Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Colistin sulfate GOLD COAST SOLUTION NO 1 Ammonium sulfate Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Potassium sulfate Copper Vitriol Cupric Sulfate Cupric Sulfate Anhydrous Cupric Sulphate

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