| | Ammonium sulfide Basic information |
| | Ammonium sulfide Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | decomposes [HAW93] | | Boiling point | 40 °C | | density | 1 g/mL at 25 °C | | vapor pressure | 600 hPa at 20 °C | | refractive index | n20/D 1.467 | | FEMA | 2053 | AMMONIUM SULFIDE | | Fp | 90 °F | | storage temp. | room temp | | pka | 3.42±0.70(Predicted) | | form | Liquid | | color | Yellow to orange | | Specific Gravity | 1.2 | | PH Range | 9.5 ( 45% aqueous solution) | | Odor | Ammonia odour | | Odor Type | sulfurous | | explosive limit | 4-46% | | Water Solubility | Miscible with water, alcohol and liquid ammonia. | | Merck | 13,560 | | Stability: | Stable. Pure material is highly flammable - note wide explosion limits. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, copper, brass, bronze, strong bases, zinc, aluminium. | | InChIKey | UXXGWUQNRMPNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N | | CAS DataBase Reference | 12135-76-1(CAS DataBase Reference) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Ammonium sulfide (12135-76-1) |
| | Ammonium sulfide Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | yellow to orange fuming liquid | | Chemical Properties | Ammonium sulfide is a yellow crystalline
(sugar or sand-like) material, commonly found in liquid
solution, which is flammable. Solution has an odor of rotten
eggs. | | Chemical Properties | The distinct ammonical/sulfurous odor of ammonium sulfide makes it a valuable flavor ingredient. It is used in baked
goods, meat products, condiments and gravies. | | Physical properties | Unstable, decomposes at ambient temperature; forms yellow crystals below -18°C; hygroscopic; soluble in water and alcohol, very soluble in liquid ammonia. | | Uses | Ammonium sulfide solution is used occasionally in photographic developing, to apply patina to bronze, and in textile manufacturing. Ammonium sulfide is a very useful reagent in mineral analysis. Used in continuous culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae, useful in a double staining technique for visualization of astrocytes and microglia from brain sections and astroglial cell cultures. It plays an important role to modify the surface of low κ dielectric thin films. It is essential for molecular beam epitaxy regrowth. It is an unstable salt and acts as a selective reducing agent. | | Uses | Ammonium sulfide solution may be used to enhance the performance of type-II InAs/GaSb super lattice photodiodes by surface passivation technique. | | Uses | To apply patina to bronze, in photographic developers, in textile manufacture, in trace metal analysis. | | General Description | Ammonium sulfide aqueous solution is a colorless to yellow liquid, with an odor of rotten eggs or ammonia. Material in aqueous from the hydrosulfide which with acid forms H2S. Ammonium sulfide may be irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes and may cause illness from skin absorption. Ammonium sulfide may burn and/or emit toxic fumes if heated to high temperatures. | | Air & Water Reactions | Readily oxidized to be pyrophoric in air [Bretherick 1979 p. 120]. Ammonium sulfide is slowly decomposed by moisture giving off hydrogen sulfide, a flammable gas. Heat is generated when the pure compound is first dissolved in water. | | Reactivity Profile | AMMONIUM SULFIDE SOLUTION is a strongly alkaline aqueous solution. Reacts with acids to generate toxic gaseous hydrogen sulfide. Reacts with bases to release gaseous ammonia. May react vigorously with oxidizing agents, including inorganic oxoacids, organic peroxides and epoxides. Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen sulfide gas is released when solution is heated. If ignited, this will form irritating sulfur dioxide gas [USCG, 1999]. | | Health Hazard | Inhalation of 500 ppm for 30 min. produces headaches, dizziness, bronchial pneumonia; 600 ppm for 30 min. can cause death. Ingestion causes severe irritation of mucous membranes and stomach. Contact with liquid causes severe burns of eyes and severe skin irritation. May be absorbed through skin and cause hydrogen sulfide poisoning. | | Fire Hazard | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen sulfide gas is released when solution is heated. If ignited, this will form irritating sulfur dioxide gas. | | Industrial uses | Ammonium sulfide (NH4)2S is a liquid with an obnoxious odor and because of this, it is
not normally used in mineral processing. However, this is the most effective depressant
for bornite and covellite. Essentially, (NH4)2S dissolves excess sulfur from the mineral
surface, that allows other depressants to adsorb onto the mineral surface. In
copper–lead separation, from a bulk concentrate containing covellite and bornite,
(NH4)2S can effectively be used together with cyanide. | | Potential Exposure | It is used in photographic developers,
synthetic flavors, coloring metals (i.e., to apply patina to
bronze); and to make textiles. | | Shipping | UN2923 Corrosive solids, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard
class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous material,
Technical Name Required. UN2683 Ammonium sulfide
solution, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material,
6.1-Poisonous materials, 3-Flammable liquid | | Incompatibilities | Vapor form explosive mixture with air
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,
epoxides. Evolves poisonous ammonia on contact
with strong bases. Contact with acid or acid fumes releases
hydrogen sulfide. Keep away from moisture. | | Waste Disposal | Add to a large volume of ferric
chloride solution with stirring. Neutralize with soda ash.
Flush to drain with water. |
| | Ammonium sulfide Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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