Pramoxine hydrochloride

Pramoxine hydrochloride Basic information
Product Name:Pramoxine hydrochloride
Synonyms:TRONOTHANE HYDROCHLORIDE USP;4-n-Butoxyphenylg-morpholinopropyletherhydrochlorideusp;Morpholine, 4-[3-(4-butoxyphenoxy)propyl]-, hydrochloride (1:1);Pramoxine hydrochloride 4-n-Butoxyphenyl gamma-morpholinopropyl ether hydrochloride;Pramoxine Hydrochloride (400 mg);PRAMOXINEHYDROCHLORIDE,USP;MORPHOLINE,4-(3-(PARA-BUTOXYPHENOXY)PROPYL)-,HYDROCHLORIDE;4-[3-(P-BUTOXYPHENOXY)PROPYL]MORPHOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE USP
CAS:637-58-1
MF:C17H28ClNO3
MW:329.86
EINECS:211-293-1
Product Categories:YUTOPAR;API
Mol File:637-58-1.mol
Pramoxine hydrochloride Structure
Pramoxine hydrochloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 181-183°
storage temp. Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
form neat
color White to Off-White
Stability:Hygroscopic
InChIInChI=1S/C17H27NO3.ClH/c1-2-3-12-20-16-5-7-17(8-6-16)21-13-4-9-18-10-14-19-15-11-18;/h5-8H,2-4,9-15H2,1H3;1H
InChIKeySYCBXBCPLUFJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC1(OCCCN2CCOCC2)=CC=C(OCCCC)C=C1.Cl
LogP3.477 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference637-58-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xi,Xn
Risk Statements 22-36/37/38
Safety Statements 26-36
WGK Germany 3
RTECS QD8750000
HS Code 2934990002
Hazardous Substances Data637-58-1(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 i.v. in mice: 79.5 ±2.7 mg/kg (Schmidt); LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 300 i.p., 750 s.c. (Monash, Gibbs)
MSDS Information
Pramoxine hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionPramoxine, also known as pramocaine, is different from other local anesthetic compounds in chemical structure. Active groups which are carboxylic acid derivatives like ester and amide are not present in this molecule. The drug molecule consists of ether functional groups that are much less active on a chemical level. The presence of the free radical morpholine in this compound is the cause of the reduction of the factor of toxicity and pharmacological activity. In pramoxine, toxicity is reduced but the local anesthetic affect is maintained.
OriginatorTronothane, Abbott, US ,1954
UsesPramoxine Hydrochloride is used as a local anaesthetic and often in anti-itch formulations that provides temporary relief from itching caused by insect bites, minor skin irritations, poison ivy, sunburn and more.
IndicationsPramoxine hydrochloride (Itch-X, PrameGel, Prax, Tronothane, AmLactin AP) is a local anesthetic that is structurally similar to dyclonine and unrelated to the esteror amide-type compounds.Apply to affected area t.i.d. to q.i.d., as directed by a physician. Useful for patients sensitive to ester and/or amide anesthetics. Onset of anesthesia is within minutes. Duration of anesthesia is 2 to 4 hours.
DefinitionChEBI: Pramoxine hydrochloride is an aromatic ether.
Manufacturing ProcessAbout 5.6 g of potassium hydroxide is dissolved in about 150 cc of refluxing ethanol, and then about 16.6 g of hydroquinone monobutyl ether is added to the alcoholic solution. When the hydroquinone is dissolved, about 16.3 g of γmorpholinopropyl chloride (dissolved in a small amount of ethanol) is added to the refluxing solution. The solution is refluxed for about 24 hours and then cooled. The product is recovered by filtering the reaction mixture and then removing the solvent by vacuum distillation. The oily residue is acidified and shaken with ether. The acidic phase is made strongly alkaline with 40% sodium hydroxide, and the oil which separates is extracted into ether. The ethereal phase is dried, and the solvent removed by vacuum distillation. The product distills at 183° to 184°C at a pressure of 2.8 mm. The hydrochloride salt of the foregoing base is prepared by dissolving the base in ether and acidifying with hydrochloric acid and is found to have a MP of 181° to 183°C.
Brand nameTronolane (Ross); Tronothane (Abbott).
Therapeutic FunctionLocal anesthetic
Clinical UsePramoxine is an amino-ether which, like dyclonine, is used as a topical agent in the form of its hydrochloride. Pramoxine hydrochloride may be used for anaesthesia of minor skin wounds and the relief of haemomhoids and other anorectal disorders.The drug is an ingredient of many proprietary topical products, and the U.S.P. has official cream and gel formulations.
Veterinary Drugs and TreatmentsA surface and local anesthetic to peripheral nerves not related structurally to procaine-type anesthetics, pramoxine is often added to other topicals to reduce pain and/or itching.
Mode of actionPramoxine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of pramoxine, a morpholine derivative with local anesthetic property. Pramocaine hydrochloride decreases the permeability of the neuronal membrane to sodium ions by reversibly binding to and inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels. This results in stabilization of the membrane and, thereby inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for membrane depolarization, hence resulting in the failure to initiate a propagated action potential and subsequent conduction blockade.
Pramoxine hydrochloride Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsHydrochloric acid-->4-Butoxyphenol-->Potassium hydroxide
N-methyl-N-(3-phenoxypropyl)amine pramocaine Moroxydine Topotecan hydrochloride Ethylbenzene 4-Propoxyphenol flumorph 4-Butoxyphenol Pramoxine hydrochloride Diethyl ether 3-Morpholinopropanol Tridemorph Dimethyl ether N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenoxypropylamine hydrochloride 3-(4-METHOXYPHENOXY)PROPAN-1-AMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-PHENOXY-PROPYLAMINE 2-Butoxyethanol Dimethomorph

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