Hydrazine hydrate

Hydrazine hydrate Basic information
Product Name:Hydrazine hydrate
Synonyms:Hydrazine hydrate solution 60 (N2H4.H2O);HYDRAZINE MONOHYDRATE;Diamid hydrate;Diamide monohydrate;HYDRAZINE MONOHYDRATE REAGENT GRADE 9&;HYDRAZINE HYDRATE SOLUTION APPROX. 80 %;HydrazineHydrate80%Gr;HydrazineHydrate80%
CAS:7803-57-8
MF:H6N2O
MW:50.06
EINECS:616-584-0
Product Categories:Water Ttreatment Chemicals;Biochemistry;Reagents for Oligosaccharide Synthesis;Reduction;Synthetic Organic Chemistry;Pharmaceutical intermediates;fine chemical
Mol File:7803-57-8.mol
Hydrazine hydrate Structure
Hydrazine hydrate Chemical Properties
Melting point −51.7 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 120.1 °C(lit.)
density 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor density >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure 5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.428(lit.)
Fp 204 °F
storage temp. 0-6°C
solubility Acetonitrile (Sparingly), DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)
form fuming liquid
Specific Gravity1.032
PH10-11 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit>3.4-99%(V)
Water Solubility Soluble in chloroform, DMSO, methanol. Slightly soluble in water.
Merck 14,4771
BRN 878137
Exposure limitsACGIH: TWA 0.01 ppm (Skin)
OSHA: TWA 1 ppm(1.3 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 50 ppm; Ceiling 0.03 ppm(0.04 mg/m3)
Stability:Stability Incompatible with a wide variety of materials, including oxidizing agents, heavy metal oxides, dehydrating agents, alkali metals, rust, silver salts. Combustible. Contact with many materials may cause fire or explosive decomposition. May react explosively with a variety of materials, including dehydrating agents, heavy metal ox
InChIKeyIKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference7803-57-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry SystemHydrazine monohydrate (7803-57-8)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes T,N
Risk Statements 45-20/21/22-34-43-51/53-50/53-23/24/25-10
Safety Statements 53-45-60-61-36/37/39-26
RIDADR UN 3293 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 3
RTECS MV8050000
23
Autoignition Temperature280 °C
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 8
PackingGroup II
HS Code 28251000
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 169 mg/kg
MSDS Information
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Hydrazine hydrate English
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Hydrazine hydrate Usage And Synthesis
Chemical Propertiescolourless fuming liquid
Physical propertiesColorless fuming liquid; faint odor; refractive index 1.4284; density 1.032g/mL; boils at 119°C; solidifies at -51.7°C; miscible with water and alcohol;insoluble in chloroform, methylene chloride, and ether.
UsesHydrazine Hydrate used as a reactant in the cyclizations of pyridinones. It is also used in the study of nanocrystal semiconductors, participating in the functionalization and passivation of surface states. It is widely used as a reducing agent or an intermediate of synthesis in various industrial sectors like water treatment (effluents, industrial boilers), chemical treatment process (metals, mine extraction) or active ingredients synthesis (pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals).
UsesHydrazine hydrate is used as a reducing agent in synthetic and analytical reactions and as a solvent for many inorganic compounds. It also is used with methanol as a propellant for rocket engines. Another application is catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
PreparationHydrazine hydrate is prepared by treating hydrazine sulfate, N2H4•H2SO4 with sodium hydroxide. The product is collected by distillation under nitrogen. It also is obtained as a by-product in the Bayer Ketazine process for producing hydrazine in which hydrazine solution is hydrolysed under pressure in a ketazine column.
DefinitionChEBI: Hydrazine hydrate is a hydrate. It contains a hydrazine.
General DescriptionA colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water. Combustible but may require some effort to ignite. Contact with oxidizing materials may cause spontaneous ignition. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. Corrosive to tissue. Produces toxics oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Air & Water ReactionsFumes in air. Water soluble.
Reactivity ProfileHydrazine hydrate is a base and a very powerful reducing agent. Very corrosive. Violent reaction on contact with alkali metals (sodium, potassium), 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, tin dichloride, mercury oxide. Vigorous neutralization reaction with acids. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 680]. Reacts with tin(II) chloride to give tin(II) dihydrazine chloride, which decomposes explosively when heated [Mellor 7:430(1946-1947)]. Reacts exothermically and violently with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene [Wischmeyer (1967)].
HazardSee hydrazine.
Health HazardTOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Fire HazardCombustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
Purification MethodsIt is best obtained by heating hydrazine sulphate (200g), NaOH (160g) and H2O (75mL, exothermic) in a copper flask under reflux for 1.5hours then distilled off (using a flame to remove all the hydrazine). The distillate (175mL) is a clear liquid which contains ~40-45% of N2H4. Note that hydrazine attacks glass, rubber and cork, and stainless steel equipment should be used. The percentage of hydrazine is determined by titration with standard acid (methyl orange indicator) or against standard iodine (starch indicator). Hydrazine monohydrate should contain 64% of N2H4. The ~40-45% solution may be concentrated by mixing it (144mL) with xylene (230mL) and distilling it through an efficient fractionating column (e.g. Hempel column, p 10). All the xylene passes over with about 85mL of H2O. On distilling the residue, hydrated hydrazine (50mL) is obtained containing 80-85% of N2H4. This can be diluted with conductivity H2O to 64% N2H4 to give the monohydrate. Hydrazine and its hydrates have VERY IRRITATING and TOXIC vapours and should be used in an efficient fume cupboard. [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 469-472 1963.]
Hydrazine hydrate Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsSodium hydroxide-->Hydrogen peroxide-->Urea-->Chlorine-->Potassium permanganate-->Sodium hypochlorite-->Water-->CHLORIC ACID-->Chloramine-T-->Bone glue
Preparation Products5-(2-FURYL)-4H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID-->2,6-DIAMINO-4-CHLOROPYRIDINE-->3-Bromopropylamine hydrobromide-->Maleic hydrazide-->6-(AMINOMETHYL)-2-PYRIDINE CARBOXYLIC ACID-->4,5-Dichloro-3(2H)-pyridazinone-->BENZYLHYDRAZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE-->3-(Furan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carbohydrazide ,97%-->4-tert-Butylbenzhydrazide-->5-Bromothiophene-2-carbohydrazide-->4-CHLOROPYRIDINE-2,6-DICARBOHYDRAZIDE-->6-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-amine ,97%-->6-BOC-HYDRAZINONICOTINIC ACID-->4-CHLORO-6-HYDRAZINO-PYRIMIDIN-5-YLAMINE-->Pyridazine-->4-Hydrazino-6-methylpyrimidin-2-amine-->3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride-->4,6-DIMETHYL-1H-PYRAZOLO[3,4-B]PYRIDIN-3-AMINE-->4-AMINO-N,N-DIMETHYLBENZYLAMINE-->ETHYL 5-(2-FURYL)-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLATE-->Methyl 4-amino-3-methylbenzoate-->6-chloro-1H-indazol-3-amine-->(2,2-DIMETHYL-PROPYL)-HYDRAZINE-->2,5-BIS(4-AMINOPHENYL)-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE-->3-AMINO-2-METHYLTHIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4(3H)-ONE-->1-(2-Methoxyethyl)hydrazine-->(1,2-DIMETHYL-PROPYL)-HYDRAZINE-->9-PHENANTHROL-->2-Chlorobenzhydrazide-->1H-INDAZOL-3-YLAMINE-->3-Hydrazinyl-N-methylpropanamide-->(1,3-DIMETHYL-BUTYL)-HYDRAZINE-->(1,1-DIMETHYL-PROPYL)-HYDRAZINE-->2-Hydrazinyl-N,N-dimethylacetamide-->3-Hydrazinylpropanamide-->2-Hydrazinyl-N-methylacetamide-->1-(3-Methoxypropyl)hydrazine-->2-Hydrazinylacetamide-->3-Hydrazinyl-N,N-dimethylpropanamide
(1S)-(+)-Camphor-10-sulphonic acid Sodium hypochlorite Hydrazine sulfate Triethyl orthoformate Zinc chloride Deemulsifier Triethylamine Nickel sulfate Ethylene glycol tert-Butyl carbazate Chloral hydrate Hydrazinium hydroxide solution Hydrazine hydrate HYDRAZINE hydrate Phenylhydrazine

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