Silver chloride

Silver chloride Basic information
Physical Properties Uses Preparation
Product Name:Silver chloride
Synonyms:SILVER CHLORIDE;SILVER (I) CHLORIDE;AgCl;Silver chloride (AgCl);Silver monochloride;silverchloride(agcl);silvermonochloride;SILVER CHLORIDE PURE
CAS:7783-90-6
MF:AgCl
MW:143.32
EINECS:232-033-3
Product Categories:47: Ag;Beaded Materials;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Materials Science;Metal and Ceramic Science;Silver Salts;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Metal and Ceramic Science;Reagent PlusChemical Synthesis;Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry;Essential Chemicals;Routine Reagents;Silver;Chemical Synthesis;Inorganics;Salts;Silver Salts;SilverMetal and Ceramic Science;metal halide
Mol File:7783-90-6.mol
Silver chloride Structure
Silver chloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 455 °C (lit.)
Boiling point 1550 °C
density 5.56
vapor pressure 1 mm Hg ( 912 °C)
refractive index 2.071
Fp 1550°C
storage temp. Store at +5°C to +30°C.
solubility 0.00188g/l
form beads
color Yellow
Specific Gravity5.56
Water Solubility 1.93 mg/L (25 ºC)
Sensitive Light Sensitive
Merck 14,8509
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)pKsp: 9.75
Stability:Stable, but discolours in light.
InChIKeyHKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CAS DataBase Reference7783-90-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceSilver chloride(7783-90-6)
EPA Substance Registry SystemSilver chloride (7783-90-6)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes N
Risk Statements 50/53-50
Safety Statements 24/25-61-60
RIDADR UN 3077 9 / PGIII
WGK Germany 3
RTECS VW3563000
8
TSCA Yes
HS Code 2843 29 00
HazardClass 9
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5110 mg/kg
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Silver(I) chloride English
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Silver chloride Usage And Synthesis
Physical PropertiesWhite granular powder or cubic crystals; refractive index 2.071; darkens on exposure to light; density 5.56 g/cm3; Moh’s hardness 2.5; melts at 455°C; vaporizes at 1,547°C; vapor pressure 1 and 5 torr at 912 and 1,019°C; insoluble in water, alcohol and dilute acids; soluble in ammonia solution and concentrated sulfuric acid, alkali cyanide, ammonium carbonate; also soluble in potassium bromide and sodium thiosulfate solutions.
UsesSilver chloride is used in silver plating and to obtain pure silver. The salt also finds applications in photography and optics; in photochromic glass; and in electrodes and batteries. It is used to make antiseptic silver solution. It occurs as the mineral cerargyrite.
PreparationSilver chloride is prepared by slowly adding an alkali metal chloride solution to a hot solution of silver nitrate. The solution mixture is boiled:
Ag+ (aq) + Cl¯ (aq) → AgCl (s)
The precipitate is washed with hot water. The product is purified by dissolving in ammonia solution, filtering out any insoluble residues, and then adding hydrochloric acid to reprecipitate silver chloride. Preparation should be carried out in the dark in ruby red light.

Chemical PropertiesSilver chloride, AgCl, is a white,granular powder that darkens on exposure to light,finally turning black.It exists in several modifications differing in behavior toward light and solubility in various solvents. Soluble in ammonium hydroxide, concentrated sulfuric acid, and sodium thiosulfate and potassium bromide solutions, very slightly soluble in water, can be melted, cast, and fabricated like a metal. Derived by heating a silver nitrate solution and adding hydrochloric acid or salt solution. The whole is boiled, then filtered. This must take place in the dark or under a ruby-red light. Used in photography,photometry and optics, batteries, photochromic glass,silver plating,production of pure silver, and as an antiseptic. Single crystals are used for infrared absorption cells and lens elements and as a lab reagent
UsesIn silver plating, in making antiseptic silver preparations.
UsesFound in nature as horn silver, this white powder is made by the combination of a soluble chloride and silver nitrate. Silver bromide could also be formed by exposing metallic silver to the fumes of bromine as in the daguerreotype process. It is soluble in sodium thiosulfate, potassium bromide solutions, and strong ammonia. This silver halide was the first to be observed to darken spontaneously by exposure to light. Silver chloride formed the basis of the photogenic drawing, salted paper print, albumen print, collodion-chloride POP, gelatin chloride POP, and gaslight paper.
UsesUsed in photographic films, to coat and silver glass, as an antiseptic, and to absorb infrared light in lenses.
UsesEmployed in Silver plating. Owing to its characteristic of reversible reduction to silver metal, it is used in photochromic lenses. Used as a cathode in sea water activated batteries. In electrochemistry, silver chloride electrode is used for potentiometric measurements. It serves as an antidote for mercury poisoning, and eliminates mercury from body. It is used in glass manufacturing industry. It is useful in the production of bandages, wound healing products and inglaze lustre, personal deodorant products, as well as for long term preservation of drinking water in water tanks; its pharmaceutical composition finds use as an antibacterial agent.
DefinitionWhite, granular powder; darkens on exposure to light, finally turning black. Exists in several modifications differing in behavior toward light and in their solubility in various solvents.Soluble in ammonium hydroxide, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodiu
HazardAs for silver.
Flammability and ExplosibilityNonflammable
Purification MethodsRecrystallise it from conc NH3 solution by acidifying with HCl, filtering off the solid, washing it with H2O and drying it in a vacuum. It is soluble in NH3 and should be kept in the dark.
Silver chloride Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsHydrochloric acid-->Nitric acid-->Silver
Preparation Products3-Chlorobenzoic acid-->antibiotic finishing agent for fabric-->SILVER PERCHLORATE
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