Cyanuric chloride

Cyanuric chloride Basic information
Outline Chemical Properties Uses production method Category Toxicity grading Acute toxicity Irritation data Flammability and hazard characteristics Storage Characteristics Extinguishing agent
Product Name:Cyanuric chloride
Synonyms:1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-triazine;Cyanuric chL;syn-trichlotriazin(czech);Trichloro-s-triazine;Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine;,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6-triazine;1,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6-trichloro-;1,3,5-Triazine,2,4,6-trichloro-
CAS:108-77-0
MF:C3Cl3N3
MW:184.41
EINECS:203-614-9
Product Categories:Intermediates of Dyes and Pigments;Chlorination;Organics;Halogenation;Synthetic Organic Chemistry;Dyestuff Intermediates;Building Blocks;Chemical Synthesis;C-X Bond Formation (Halogen);Heterocyclic Building Blocks;Synthetic Reagents;Triazines;Halogenated Heterocycles;fine chemicals;108-77-0;K00001
Mol File:108-77-0.mol
Cyanuric chloride Structure
Cyanuric chloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 145-147 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 190 °C(lit.)
density 1.92
vapor density 6.36 (vs air)
vapor pressure 0.8 mm Hg ( 62.2 °C)
Fp 190°C
storage temp. Store below +30°C.
solubility Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
pka-3.26±0.10(Predicted)
form Solidified Mass or Fragments
color White
Odorpungent odor
Water Solubility reacts
Sensitive Moisture Sensitive
Merck 14,2699
BRN 124246
Stability:Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water.
LogP1.73-2.14 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference108-77-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceCyanuric chloride(108-77-0)
EPA Substance Registry SystemCyanuric chloride (108-77-0)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes T+,C
Risk Statements 14-22-26-34-43
Safety Statements 26-28-36/37/39-45-46-63-28A
RIDADR UN 2670 8/PG 2
WGK Germany 1
RTECS XZ1400000
Autoignition Temperature>650 °C
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 8
PackingGroup II
HS Code 29336980
Hazardous Substances Data108-77-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 315 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 2000 mg/kg
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine English
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Cyanuric chloride Usage And Synthesis
OutlineCyanuric chloride, white crystals with a strong irritant chlorine odor , is corrosive to the skin, having eye irritation and tearing property. Melting point 145 ℃, boiling point 190 ℃, UVλmax241nm (ethanol).it is Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform, acetic acid and acrylonitrile, insoluble in cold water. cooling of reaction of Cyanuric chloride and water is slow, when it is heated it is rapidly hydrolyzed to cyanuric acid (C3H3O3N3) and hydrochloric acid, the product are relatively soluble in water, so you can use the extraction method of separating. It Reacts With concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature to be partial conversion of cyanuric acid, and it reacts with the sodium alkoxide to generate cyanuric acid triester, and it can also react with ammonia, amines, phenols and so on.
In recent years, there is rapid growth in consumption of cyanuric chloride in China, from 1998 to 2004 the average annual growth rate of Apparent consumption was about 32.2% ,in 2005, cyanuric chloride demand reached 50,000 tons, according to forecasts, from 2007 to 2012 cyanuric chloride will continue rapid growth in average rate of 6.0% , the market is very promising. Since cyanuric chloride subsequent products are enormous , the market demand is large, national research institutions and related businesses have continued to develop its downstream products, and open cyanuric chloride applications. Therefore, the new product by the cyanuric chloride derivatives are emerging, the market demand will be further expanded.
Related cyanuric chloride chemical reactions involving:
After 2-amino-4-nitrophenol diazotization, and H acid coupling, and chromium, cobalt complex post-processing,it is first condensed with cyanuric chloride ,then after condensation with ammonia to get Reactive Black K-BR. It is Mainly used for cotton, polyester/cotton printing.
With cyanuric chloride as raw materials, in trichlorethylene solution at 20~30 ℃, with the amine reaction , 2,4-dichloro-6-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine is produced, and then it reacts with ammonia to produce 2-amino-4-chloro-6-ethylamino triazine, and then it reacts with 2-chloro-2-methyl propionitrile , which can generate selective herbicides cyanazine for control annual or perennial narrow leaves or broadleaf weeds in corn field.
Chemical PropertiesCrystals Having a pungent odor. Soluble in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethanol, hot ether, acetone, dioxane, slightly soluble in water.
Usescyanuric chloride is an important fine chemical product, with a wide range of uses, it is the intermediate in pesticide industry, and the manufacture of reactive dyes raw material, it can used as all kinds of organic industrial production additives, such as fluorescent brighteners , textiles shrink-proof agents, surface active agents, it is one of the materials used in the manufacture of defense explosives and rubber accelerator and it is also the material for the synthesis of drugs by the pesticide and pharmaceutical industry.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Tian Ye.
production methodCyanuric chloride production process usually consists of two steps : chloride cyanogen polymerization and chloride cyanogen preparation . There are many ways to generate chloride cyanogen, such as the synthesis of methyl thiocyanate and chlorine, hydrocyanic acid is dissolved in chloroform and chlorine gas is put in to synthesize , hydrocyanic acid method, sodium cyanide, urea, hydrocyanic acid direct method of chlorine and cyanuric chloride and the like, the current production of industrial cyanuric chloride generally uses sodium cyanide and hydrocyanic acid as raw materials in two ways. 1. Sodium cyanide method : using sodium cyanide as raw materials after the reaction of chlorine and cyanuric chloride, it is polymerized to form cyanuric chloride, it is quenched,then after crystallization ,the product is obtained. Material consumption fixed: sodium cyanide 1073kg/t, chlorine 1700kg/t. 2. The method of hydrocyanic acid :with hydrocyanic acid as raw materials ,chloride cyanogen is produced by the reaction of chlorine, and then use polymerization to generate cyanuric chloride, quench, crystallize , the product is obtained. Material consumption fixed: hydrocyanic acid 500kg/t, chlorine 1200kg/t.
Categorycorrosive substances
Toxicity gradingMiddle toxic
Acute toxicityOral-rat LD50: 485 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 350 mg/kg
Irritation dataskin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours of moderate; Eyes-rabbit 0.05 mg/24 hours of severe
Flammability and hazard characteristicsWhen it contacts with water ,it emits toxic hydrogen chloride gas;when it is thermal it decomposes toxic hydrogen chloride gas
Storage CharacteristicsVentilated, low-temperature ,dry storeroom.it is stored separately from oxidants,and alkali.
Extinguishing agentcarbon dioxide, dry powder,sandy soil
Chemical PropertiesWhite Powder
UsesCyanurchloride is an intermediate to manufacture of agrochemicals (triazine herbicides), dyestuffs, optical brighteners, tanning agents, reactive dyes, UV-absorbing agent, softening agents and pharmaceuticals, as well as block-builders for plastics. Product Data Sheet
UsesCyanurchloride is an intermediate to manufacture of agrochemicals, dyestuffs, optical brighteners, tanning agents, softening agents and pharmaceuticals, as well as block-builders for plastics.
UsesReagent for the conversion of alcohols to chlorides and for the immobilization of microorganisms and enzymes.1
UsesCyanuric Chloride is extensively used in the preparation of the triazine-class pesticides and herbicides. Cyanuric chloride is also used as a precursor to dyes and crosslinking agents due to the react ive chlorine atoms towards nucleophilic substitution reactions. Cyanuric chloride derivatives possess a large spectrum of activities as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
UsesIntermediate in the synthesis of active dyes, agricultural products, and drug substances. Reagent in organic synthesis. Coupling agent for nucleic acids and proteins; cyanuric chloride-activated paper is used in capillary and electroblotting applications, dot tests, and hybridization protocols.
DefinitionChEBI: A chloro-1,3,5-triazine in which the triazine ring is substituted on each carbon by chlorine. Its main use is in the preparation of the triazine-class pesticides.
Production MethodsCyanuric chloride is obtained by the trimerization of cyanogen chloride in organic solvents, in the presence of acidic catalysts, and carried out in a gaseous phase at 200–500C. Cyanuric chloride is used as a chemical intermediate. It is the precursor to the herbicide atrazine.
General DescriptionA colorless crystalline solid with a pungent odor. Melting point 146°C. Density 1.32 g / cm3. Very slightly soluble in water. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation of vapors. Irritates skin and eyes. Used to make dyes.
Air & Water ReactionsReacts exothermically with water, especially if catalyzed or heated, to generate fumes of hydrochloric acid. Very slightly soluble in water.
Reactivity ProfileCyanuric chloride reacts rapidly and exothermically with water to generate hydrogen chloride. A mixture with water in an industrial reactor with refrigeration turned off developed pressure that blew gaskets and filled the building with flammable vapors. An explosion occurred when the vapors were ignited [MCA Case History 1869(1972)]. Runaway reactions have occurred with acetone/water; methanol/water, ethoxyethanol/water, allyl alcohol/sodium hydroxide/water, 2-butanone/sodium hydroxide/water, and methanol/sodium bicarbonate [Loss Prev. Bull., 1979, (25), 21]. Reacts with methanol to give gaseous methyl chloride. Reacts rapidly with bicarbonates to generate gaseous carbon dioxide. Reacts vigorously with dimethyl formamide (DMF) to form carbon dioxide after a deceptive induction period [BCISC Quart. Safety Summ., 1960, 35, 24]. Can react with reducing agents to generate heat and products that may be gaseous (causing pressurization of closed containers). The products may themselves be capable of further reactions (such as combustion in the air).
Health HazardTOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Fire HazardNon-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.
Flammability and ExplosibilityNonflammable
Safety ProfilePoison by ingestion, inhalation, and intravenous routes. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Experimental reproductive effects. A corrosive. A skin and severe eye irritant. An allergen. Has been reported as causing irritation of mucous membranes and heart rhythm disturbances in humans. Violent reaction with water - (above 30°C), acetone + water, methanol, methanol + sodium hydrogen carbonate, 2- ethoxyethanol, dimethyl formamide, 3- butanone + sodium hydroxide + water, allyl alcohol + sodium hydroxide + water (at 28℃). When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cland NOx. See also CHLORIDES.
Purification MethodsTCT crystallises from CCl4 or pet ether (b 90-100o) and is dried under vacuum. It has also been recrystallised twice from anhydrous *benzene immediately before use [Abuchowski et al. J Biol Chem 252 3582 1977]. [Beilstein 26 III/IV 66.]
Methylene Chloride Melamine cyanurate Calcium chloride Sodium chloride 2-Amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine Trichlormethiazide Cyanuric acid Choline chloride Tosyl chloride ALMITRINE Cymoxanil Sulfuryl chloride Ammonium chloride Oxalyl chloride Polyvinyl chloride Potassium chloride Thionyl chloride Trifluoperazine

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