1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Basic information
Industrial brominating agent and disinfectant Physical and Chemical Properties Sterilization Mechanism Synthesis of 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Uses Chemical Properties Production method Category Toxicity grading Acute toxicity Flammability and hazard characteristics Storage properties Extinguishing media
Product Name:1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
Synonyms:dibromantine;1,3-Dibromo-5;1,3-dibrom0-5,5-dimethylhydantoin;1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-4-imidazolidinedione;1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-hydantoi;DBNPA;dibromohydantoin;Dimethyl Dibromohydantoin
CAS:77-48-5
MF:C5H6Br2N2O2
MW:285.92
EINECS:201-030-9
Product Categories:Miscellaneous;Bromination;Halogenation;Synthetic Organic Chemistry;Water treatment chemicals;water treatment;Nitrogen cyclic compounds;Non-Chiral heterocyclic compounds;bc0001;77-48-5
Mol File:77-48-5.mol
1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Structure
1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Chemical Properties
Melting point 197-199 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Boiling point 250.2±23.0 °C(Predicted)
density 1.00 g/cm3 (25℃)
refractive index 1.6220 (estimate)
Fp 155 °C
storage temp. Store below +30°C.
solubility 1g/l
pka-3.44±0.40(Predicted)
form Powder
color Cream or light yellow
Water Solubility Soluble in Alcohol, Ether, Benzene. Insoluble in Water.
Sensitive Moisture Sensitive
Decomposition 197-199 ºC
Merck 14,3017
BRN 146024
CAS DataBase Reference77-48-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (77-48-5)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes O,C,N,Xi
Risk Statements 8-22-35-50/53-50-34
Safety Statements 17-26-36/37/39-45-60-61
RIDADR UN 3087 5.1/PG 2
WGK Germany 3
RTECS MU0686000
Hazard Note Harmful/Irritant
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 5.1
PackingGroup II
HS Code 29332100
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione English
ACROS English
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Usage And Synthesis
Industrial brominating agent and disinfectant1, 3-Dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin is primarily used as an industrial brominating agent and antiseptic disinfectant. It is a very useful kind of brominating agent. Compared with brominating agent such as N-bromoacetamide, N-bromosuccinimide, etc. it has a lot of advantages including high content of active bromine, excellent storage stability, and economic application. Therefore, it is widely applied to chemical and pharmaceutical industry such as being used for the bromination of allyl and benzyl compounds as well as aromatic ring, the addition reaction of the bromine in double bond and hydrogen bromide as well as the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols; in addition, it is also a kind of efficient and safe disinfectant with a strong efficacy in killing fungi, bacteria and viruses as well as in killing the adverse algae in the water. It can be applied to the prevention and treatment of many kinds of diseases in aquaculture related to fish, shrimp, frogs and turtles as well as the disinfection of swimming pool, fruit preservation and algae killing via industrial recycled water algae and daily disinfection. For example, the experts in the Beijing SARS prevention and control working panel had proposed for using the 1, 3-Dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin solution with effective bromine being 500~1000mg/L for spray, mopping and cleaning, having the disinfection for 10~15min to prevent SARS.
Physical and Chemical Properties1, 3-Dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin has the English abbreviation be DBDMH with pure product being white solid and the mp being 196~198 ℃. The industrial products appear as a pale yellow solid with a mp of 194~197 ℃; it is soluble in chloroform, ethanol, acetone and other organic solvents, slightly soluble in water with 1 L water being able to dissolve 2.2 g of DBDMH at 20℃ with the pH of 0.1% aqueous solution being 2.6; It is prone to be subject to decomposition in strong acid or alkali; it is stable when dry and is easy to absorb moisture with partially hydrolysis after moisture absorption; it has a slight pungent odor with the active bromine content being 54% to 55%.
Sterilization MechanismDBDMH, upon hydrolysis in water, can mainly form hypobromous acid and can release bromine in the form of hypobromous acid. DBDMH, due to able to release bromine in a high reaction rate, can continuously release Br-ions in the water, further playing a bactericidal effect. However, other kinds of halogenated hydantoin, such as 1, 3-Dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin or bromochlorohydantoin, release the chlorine in a very slow rate, leading to that the time for reaching the peak of sterilization in the water is lagging behind, therefore, DBDMH usually has a higher efficiency than other kind of halogenated hydantoin at relatively rapid bactericidal conditions.
Synthesis of 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoinAdding an appropriate amount of water to dimethyl hydantoin, control the temperature at about 30 ℃ for stirring of 30min until all the dimethyl hydantoin is dissolved. Add drop wise of appropriate amount of bromine within a certain period of time and then have reaction for several hours. After the completion of the reaction, cool the solution, crystallize using ethanol, filter, and dry with the light-yellow solid being finished product of DBDMH.

The optimal condition for experimentally determination and synthesis of DBDMH is: the optimum molar ratio of DMH to bromine is 1: 2.0; the solvent amount is 80 mL (water) /0.1mol (Hein); the reaction temperature should be about 30 ℃; Reaction time is around 5min with the yield of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin being up to 80%.

UsesDBDMH is an important chemical product and has been widely applied in chemical, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries with various kinds of advantages including excellent stability, high content of bromine and high reactive activity. Currently, the combined formulation between DBDMH and other halogenated hydantoin for application has become a hotspot in recent years such as the combined application of BCDMH and DBDMH as well as the combined application of DCDMH and DBDMH. For the combined formulation of DBDMH and other halogenated hydantoin, one critical factor is the ratio between effective chlorine and effective bromine. For example, at pH 7.1, compound formulation with the same dose of BCDMH and DBDMH has a significantly higher bactericidal efficacy than DBDMH alone or BCDMH alone. Many domestic and foreign experts believe that the most significant oxidizing biocide is the compound halogenated compound formulation combining BCDMH and DBDMH. In agriculture, DBDMH is mainly used for aquaculture including pond disinfection, prevention of water disinfection, disease treatment, etc., and is not affected by water quality, salinity, pH, temperature, and other organic compounds during usage. In addition, there has been already cases in which people has applied DBDMH as high-efficiency and low-toxicity disinfectant for combined formulation with stearic acid monoglyceride and Tween-80 and applied to the surface of the orange for preventing mold and preservation, and has already achieved excellent results. We can expect that this preservative can also be used for storage and preservation of other fruits and vegetables. Therefore, with the continuous development of chemical and pharmaceutical industry and increasing people's living standards, it is expected that the application range and demand of DBDMH will increase greatly.
Chemical PropertiesIt appears as white or light yellow crystalline powder.
Production methodIt is obtained through the bromination of 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin. Mix the 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and water together, add bromine slowly under cooling. After the addition, it was poured into water with the crystal filtered out after standing being the crude product. The crude product was further dissolved in acetone for decolorizing and filtrating. The filtrate was poured into water to give white crystalline which is the finished product.
CategoryPesticide
Toxicity gradingHighly toxic
Acute toxicityOral-rat LD50: 250 mg/kg.
Flammability and hazard characteristicsIt is flammable with burning discharging spicy smoke of bromide and nitrogen oxides.
Storage propertiesWarehouse: cold, ventilated and dry; store it separately from food raw materials.
Extinguishing mediaWater, carbon dioxide, dry, sandy soil.
Chemical Propertiessolid
UsesBrominating agent. Analytical reagent for determination of iodide and organic iodine, and for identification tests.
UsesIt is used for drinking water purification, recreational water treatment, as a bleaching agent in pulp and paper mills, and for treating industrial/commercial water cooling systems. It is an efficient and selective agent for the oxidation of thiols to disulfides in solution or under solvent-free conditions.
Purification MethodsRecrystallise it from H2O. Its solubility in CCl4 is 0.003 mol/L at 25o and 0.024 mol/L at 76.5o. [Beilstein 24 III/IV 1101.]
DIMETHYL UREA 1,2-Diaminopropane N,N-Dimethylformamide 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin ETHANE 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Urea ALANINE-NH2 ACETATE SALT Dimethyl fumarate Iprodione Dimethyl sebacate Dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl ether 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Dimethyl carbonate Isobutylamine Dimethyl phthalate

Email:[email protected] [email protected]
Copyright © 2024 Mywellwork.com All rights reserved.