Silicon dioxide

Silicon dioxide Basic information
General Description Uses
Product Name:Silicon dioxide
Synonyms:SILICA GEL 60 PF254 FOR PREPARATIVE LAYE;LICHROSORB SI 100 (10 MYM) 10 G;TLC-SILICA GEL 60 GF254 MEAN PARTICLE SI;LICHROSORB SI 100 (10 MYM) 100 G;SEA SAND EXTRA PURE 5 KG;SILICA GEL 60 GF254 FOR THIN-LAYER CHROM;SILICA GEL 60 PF254 + 366 FOR PREPARATIV;SEA SAND EXTRA PURE 25 KG
CAS:7631-86-9
MF:O2Si
MW:60.08
EINECS:231-545-4
Product Categories:Inorganics;organofunctional catalyst support;Mesoporous Materials;Ceramic Science;Materials Science;Metal &;Siloxanes;Silica Gels;metals scavenging agent;molecular sieves;metal oxide;Nanomaterials;New Products for Materials Research and Engineering;7631-86-9
Mol File:7631-86-9.mol
Silicon dioxide Structure
Silicon dioxide Chemical Properties
Melting point >1600 °C(lit.)
Boiling point >100 °C(lit.)
density 2.2-2.6 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure 13.3hPa at 1732℃
refractive index 1.46
Fp 2230°C
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility Practically insoluble in water and in mineral acids except hydrofluoric acid. It dissolves in hot solutions of alkali hydroxides.
form suspension
pka6.65-9.8[at 20 ℃]
Specific Gravity2.2
color White to yellow
PH5-8 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry)
Odorat 100.00?%. odorless
Water Solubility insoluble
Hydrolytic Sensitivity6: forms irreversible hydrate
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,8493
Exposure limitsNIOSH: IDLH 3000 mg/m3; TWA 6 mg/m3
Stability:Stable.
CAS DataBase Reference7631-86-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceSilicon(iv) oxide(7631-86-9)
IARC3 (Vol. Sup 7, 68) 1997
EPA Substance Registry SystemSilica (7631-86-9)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,Xi
Risk Statements 36/37/38-36/37-22-43-52/53-36/38
Safety Statements 26-37/39-36-36/37/39-36/37-61
HS Code 2811221000
ToxicityLC inhalation in rat: > 200gm/m3/1H
IDLA3,000 mg/m3
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Silica English
Silicon dioxide Usage And Synthesis
General DescriptionSilicon dioxide occurs almost everywhere on earth. It is one of the most important and abundant oxides on earth, constituting about 60% weight of the earth’s crust as silica itself or in combination with other metal oxides in silicates. It commonly is found as sand in the vast ocean and river shores, their beds, deserts, rocks, and minerals.
Silicon dioxide exists in several structural forms: polymorphic crystalline silica, synthetic quartz crystals, amorphous silica, and vitreous silica. This classification is not complete as there are other forms of silica synthesized for specialized applications.
Uses
Industry
Application
Role/benefit
Food
Powdered foods, such as salt, many spices, etc.
Ant-caking agent/ when added to a mixture, prevents its ingredients from binding together
Nutritional health food supplements
Source of silicon/maintain healthy strong bones and joints and minimizes aluminum effects on the body
Wine, beer and juice
Fining agent
Chemical manufacture
Manufacture of silicon compounds and sodium silicate
Raw material
Construction
Production of portland cement
Raw material
Sand casting
Main ingredient/high melting point
Glass
High purity silica glass
Raw material/high temperature and corrosion resistance
Domestic glass and optical devices
Essential component
Ceramics
Manufacture of ceramic glaze
Main constituents/forms glass when heated to bind others ingredients together
Metallurgy
Manufacture of silicon alloys
Raw material or additive
Pharmaceutical
Drug tablets making
Flow agent/aids powder flow when tablets are formed
Preventing Alzheimer’s disease
Effective components/minimizes aluminum effects on the body which may cause Alzheimer’s disease
Electronics
Fiber optic cables
Raw material/high level of heat conductivity and low rate of transmission loss
Wire insulation
Raw material/high melting point and good insulating property
Semi-conductors
Source of silicon
Piezoelectric transducer
Main component/can convert mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice-versa
Others
Refractory materials
Main component/high melting point and high shock resistance
Rubber and plastics
Additive/improves wearing capacity
DNA Extraction
Source of silicon/has binding properties which help to isolate the strands of DNA
Manufacture of silica gel
Source of silicon/hygroscopic property
Defoaming
Defoamer component
Silica-based aerogel
Source of silicon
Hydraulic fracturing
Thickening agent
 
Chemical Propertieswhite crystals or powder
Chemical PropertiesDiatomaceous earth is a transparent to gray, odorless amorphous powder.
Chemical PropertiesAmorphous silica, the noncrystalline form of SiO2, is a transparent to gray, odorless, amorphous powder
Usessilica is also known as silicone dioxide. Silica has a variety of applications: to control a product’s viscosity, add bulk, and reduce a formulation’s transparency. It can also function as an abrasive. In addition, it can act as a carrier for emollients, and may be used to improve a formulation’s skin feel. Spherical silica is porous and highly absorbent, with absorption capabilities roughly 1.5 times its weight. A typical claim associated with silica is oil control. It is found in sunscreens, scrubs, and wide range of other skin care, makeup, and hair care preparations. It has been successfully used in hypoallergenic and allergy-tested formulations.
UsesSilica (SiO2) (RI: 1.48) is mined from deposits of diatomaceous soft chalk-like rock (keiselghur). This is an important group of extender pigments, which is used in a variety of particle sizes. They are used as a flatting agent to reduce gloss of clear coatings and to impart shear thinning flow properties to coatings. They are relatively expensive.
UsesSilicon(IV) oxide, amorphous is used as carriers, processing aids, anti-caking and free-flow agents in animal feed. Defoamer applications such as paint, food, paper, textile and other industrial applications. Synthetic silicon dioxides are used as a rheology control agent in plastics. It is also used to manufacture adhesives, sealants and silicones.
UsesFunctionalized RAFT agent for controlled radical polymerization; especially suited for the polymerization of styrene; acrylate and acrylamide monomers. Azide group can be used to conjugate to a variety of alkyne-functionalized biomolecules. Chain Transfer Agent (CTA).
UsesSDS mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates consisting chiefly of sodium lauryl sulfate
Usesmanufacture of glass, water glass, refractories, abrasives, ceramics, enamels; decolorizing and purifying oils, petroleum products, etc.; in scouring- and grinding-compounds, ferrosilicon, molds for castings; as anticaking and defoaming agent.
DefinitionChEBI: A silicon oxide made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens.
General Descriptioncontains sodium stabilizing counterion
HazardNot toxic if ingested, inhaled silica dust can cause silicosis; carcinogen.
Agricultural UsesSilica is silicon dioxide, one of the most abundant materials on the earth's crust. Quartz is an example of silica. It is used as a filler in fertilizers, and also, in the manufacture of glass, ceramics, abrasives, rubber and cosmetics.
Safety ProfileThe pure unaltered form is considered a nuisance dust. Some deposits contain small amounts of crystahne quartz and are therefore fibrogenic. When diatomaceous earth is calcined (with or without fluxing agents) some sdica is converted to cristobalite and is therefore fibrogenic. Tridymite has never been detected in calcined batomaceous earth. See also other silica entries
Potential ExposureDiatomaceous earth is used as a filtering agent and as a filler in construction materials, pesticides, paints, and varnishes. The calcined version (which has been heat treated) is the most dangerous and contains crystallized silica, and should be handled as silica. See also other entries on silica
ShippingThis material is not singled out by DOT in its Performance-Oriented Packaging Standards.
Purification MethodsPurification of silica for high technology applications uses isopiestic vapour distillation from concentrated volatile acids and is absorbed in high purity water. The impurities remain behind. Preliminary cleaning to remove surface contaminants uses dip etching in HF or a mixture of HCl, H2O2 and deionised water [Phelan & Powell Analyst 109 1299 1984].
IncompatibilitiesSilica, amorphous is a noncombustible solid. Generally unreactive chemically. Incompatible with fluorine, oxygen difluoride, chlorine trifluoride. Soluble in molten alkalis and reacts with most metallic oxides at high temperature.
Waste DisposalSanitary landfill.
SilicaDioxide SILICA FUME Silica gel Silicon dioxide glass,silicon dioxide,fused,SILICON DIOXIDE, DIATOMACEOUS TRIS(2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYL-3,5-HEPTANEDIONATO)EUROPIUM(III) PHENYLSELENOL Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)chroMiuM(III) DICHLORO(ETHYLENEDIAMINE)PLATINUM(II) SALCOMINE 2,4-PENTANEDIONE, SILVER DERIVATIVE COBALT(II) ACETYLACETONATE Cupric acetylacetonate MP SILICA G-TLC,PHOSPHOROUS SILICA,SILICON DIOXIDE, HEXAMETHYLDISILAZINE TREATED,SILICON DIOXIDE, OCTAMETHYLCYCLOTETRASILOXANE TREATED TERT-BUTYL ISOCYANIDE Silicon dioxide Quartz Silica, fumed SILICON DIOXIDE, DIATOMACEOUS Silica Gel For Column Chromatography

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