Paeonol

Paeonol Basic information
Product Name:Paeonol
Synonyms:1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-ethanon;2’-hydroxy-4’-methoxy-acetophenon;PAEONOL 10%-90% NATURAL EXTRACT;PAEONOL 98+% NATURAL STANDARD;Paeonol std.;2'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone2'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone;2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy;PAEONOL(SH)
CAS:552-41-0
MF:C9H10O3
MW:166.17
EINECS:209-012-2
Product Categories:cosmetic;Phenols;Adehydes, Acetals & Ketones;Anisoles, Alkyloxy Compounds & Phenylacetates;Natural Plant Extract;Inhibitors;Pharmaceutical Raw Materials;Aromatic Acetophenones & Derivatives (substituted);C9;Carbonyl Compounds;Ketones;Building Blocks;Carbonyl Compounds;Chemical Synthesis;Organic Building Blocks;chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;552-41-0
Mol File:552-41-0.mol
Paeonol Structure
Paeonol Chemical Properties
Melting point 48-50 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 154 °C / 20mmHg
density 1.3102
refractive index 1.5452 (estimate)
Fp >230 °F
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility Acetonitrile (Slightly), Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
pka9.79±0.10(Predicted)
form Crystalline Powder
color White to beige
BRN 1282794
InChIInChI=1S/C9H10O3/c1-6(10)8-4-3-7(12-2)5-9(8)11/h3-5,11H,1-2H3
InChIKeyUILPJVPSNHJFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC(=O)(C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1O)C
LogP1.980
CAS DataBase Reference552-41-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceEthanone, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-(552-41-0)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,Xi
Risk Statements 20/21/22-36/37/38
Safety Statements 26-28-36/37/39-45
WGK Germany 3
RTECS RT1215000
Hazard Note Irritant
HS Code 29145090
ToxicityLD50 orl-mus: 3430 mg/kg YKKZAJ 89,1205,69
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Paeonol English
ACROS English
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
Paeonol Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionPaeonol is the main active ingredient of the cortex of thePaeonol raw materials with high purity can be derived from plant extracts by chemical synthesis. The commonly used extraction methods of paeonol include boiling method, alcohol extraction, steam distillation, and CO2 supercritical fluid extraction . But due to the limitation of plant resources and the lower content of paeonol in the natural plants, there are many separation and purification difficulties existed in the extraction methods. The chemical synthesis process is relatively easy, and the final product usually can be obtained through two- to three-step reaction and separation process . Ranunculaceae plants including Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. (Moutan cortex, Mudanpi) and Rhododendron plant Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. (Cynanchi paniculati radix et rhizome, Xuchangqing). Moutan cortex and Xuchangqing are commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine. Moutan cortex has the effects on clearing heat, cooling blood, activating blood, resolving stasis, and retreating heat; Xuchangqing also has many effects, such as dispelling wind, relieving pain and itching, and so on.
Chemical Propertieswhite to beige crystalline powder
Physical propertiesAppearance: white or light yellow, shining, needlelike crystals. Solubility: freely soluble in ethanol and methanol; soluble in diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, and carbon disulfide; slightly soluble in water; and soluble in hot water, practically insoluble in cold water, and volatilizing in water vapor. Melting point: 48–51?°C.
HistoryAs the main active ingredient of Moutan cortex and Xuchangqing, paeonol has been used in clinical practice since ancient times. Paeonol was first isolated from Moutan cortex by Japanese scholar Changjing Changyi in 1884 . This clinical observation was proceeded at more than 10 medical units in Shanghai and other places and lasted more than 1 year since 1971. Paeonol injection was the earliest recorded in the Chinese pharmacopoeia 1977 edition; it is the main formulation until now. But because of the poor water solubility of paeonol, it is necessary to improve its solubility to be used as injection. Ten times amount of Tween compared to paeonol was used in the injection to increase the dissolution. In the 1970s, paeonol was made into oil solution for intramuscular injection. But these are with security risks and the use of inconvenience and other shortcomings. Pharmacist obtained paeonol sodium sulfonate by sulfonated paeonol, so the problem of water solubility had been resolved, and the injection of paeonol sodium sulfonate also came into being . In 2003, the quality standard of paeonol sodium sulfonate was also promoted from the local standard to the national standard. The dosage form of paeonol for skin is mainly ointment.
Usesantibacterial, antimutagen, anti-alzheimer
UsesAn anti-inflammatory & anti-lipid peroxidation agent
UsesPaeonol acting as a β-Secretase inhibitor an anti-apoptotic agent is used in the treatment of memory loss after ischemic stroke. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic.
DefinitionChEBI: A natural product found in Paeonia rockii subspecies rockii.
IndicationsThis drug has been recorded in Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (1977). At present, the dosage forms of paeonol for clinical use include tablet, ointment, injection, and plaster. Paeonol is clinically used for the treatment of fever, headache, neuralgia, muscle pain, abdominal pain, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis; its ointment can also be used for a variety of eczema, dermatitis, skin itching, mosquito bite redness, and other skin diseases, also has a certain effect for allergic rhinitis, and is used for prevention of cold.
PreparationPreparation by reaction of methyl iodide, or dimethyl sulfate on resacetophenone in sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution (quantitative yield) (70–75%).
General DescriptionThis substance is a primary reference substance with assigned absolute purity (considering chromatographic purity, water, residual solvents, inorganic impurities). The exact value can be found on the certificate. Produced by PhytoLab GmbH & Co. KG
PharmacologyPaeonol has a wide range of pharmacological activities, and its antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antispasmodic pharmacological effects have been well known. With the recent further study of pharmacological effects of paeonol, the improvement of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular function, liver and kidney care, and antitumor, immune regulation, antioxidant, and other new pharmacological activities have also been reported successively. Studies have shown that the protective effects of paeonol on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems are displayed in three aspects: it has antiarrhythmic activity because of the blocking effect on calcium channel current; it can affect the endothelial cell inflammatory response, thus protecting the blood vessels and improving blood circulation; and it can stabilize the cell membrane and inhibit myocardial ischemia and membrane damage. Paeonol inhibits the proliferation of a variety of tumor cells, such as human leukemia cell line K562, human breast cancer gene T6-17, hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7404, hepatoma cell line HepA, human leukemia tumor cell line K562/ADM, cervical cancer cell line HeLa, human large intestine cancer cell line HT-29, and so on. It can also sensitize the multidrug resistance of tumor cells to the chemotherapy drugs. Low concentration of paeonol can increase the proportion of T lymphocytes in the blood circulation and also make T lymphocytes play a stronger lymphokine separation function but also can promote the non-specific phagocytic removal of bacteria function of neutrophil. The role of systemic cellular immunity and humoral immune function has also been experimentally confirmed. In addition, paeonol has a strong effect on scavenging free radical; its antioxidant effect also enables paeonol’s applications in the pharmaceutical field and food preservation industry.
Clinical UseIn clinical practice, paeonol is mainly used as a major active ingredient of multiflavor traditional Chinese medicine. For example, paeonol is the main active ingredient and quality control index of more than ten kinds of commonly used Chinese medicine preparations, such as Feng Shi Ding tablets, Liu Wei Di Huang pills, Zheng Gu Shui water, Gui Shao Di Huang Tang pills, Mai Wei Di Huang pills, Qi Ju Di Huang tablets, Ming Mu Di Huang pills, Zhi Bai Di Huang pills, Gu Ci pills, Gu Ci Xiao Tong tablets, Fu Fang Yi Gan pills, Yang Yin Qing Fei Tang pills, JiSheng Shen Qi Wan pills, and Danggui Yangxue pills. In addition, paeonol can also be administered as a monomeric drug. The listed preparations are mainly paeonol injection, paeonol tablets, and paeonol ointment, clinically for the treatment of rheumatism, stomachache, and other pains, eczema, allergic dermatitis, etc. Paeonol and its preparations have the characteristics of less side effect, no addictive, nonrebound, and high security.
Safety ProfilePoison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Paeonol Preparation Products And Raw materials
Preparation Productsmillepachine-->4-HYDROXY-7-METHOXYCOUMARIN-->ROBINETIN-->7-Methoxyflavone-->1-(2-(Benzyloxy)-5-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone-->4,2'-Dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone-->3,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxychalcone-->3',4'-DIMETHOXY-2'-HYDROXYCHALCONE
4'-Methoxyacetophenone 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone STERIGMATOCYSTIN 4'-Bromoacetophenone 2,4-Dimethoxyacetophenone 4-Nitroacetophenone 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone 2',3',4'-TRIMETHOXYACETOPHENONE Acetophenone Hesperidin methylchalcone 2-HYDROXYACETOPHENONE 3,4-Dimethoxyacetophenone Rotenone Diosmin 4'-Hydroxyacetophenone Paeonol 2-Bromo-2′,4′-dimethoxyacetophenone Oxybenzone

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