| Chemical Properties | Sodium butyrate is a white crystalline solid with an unpleasant smell that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester. It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expre. |
| Uses | Sodium Butyrate is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase activity (HDAC) resulting in improvement of physiological disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystropy. In addition it is a possible antitumor agent when used in conjunction with other cytotoxic agents as they have been shown to treat carcinomas. |
| Uses | Sodium butyrate has been used:
as a component in homogenization and immunoprecipitation buffer for HDAC inhibition in fly embryos and insect s2 cells.
as histone deacetylase inhibitor in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, analysed by cell viability assay and viral replication assay.
to enhance the production of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in a bioreactor. |
| Definition | ChEBI: Sodium butyrate is an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of butyric acid by a sodium ion. It has a role as an EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor and a geroprotector. It contains a butyrate. |
| Biological Activity | Histone deacetylase inhibitor. Restores contextual memory in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Shown to induce pancreatic progenitor formation. Directs the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into hepatocytes when used in combination with the cytokine Activin A. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Sodium butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) in the millimolar range. Decreases Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Induces apoptosis in several cell lines. Sodium butyrate induces the production of recombinant protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and other human cell lines. Sodium butyrate affects the proteome and gene expression pathways in the cells. It represses cell cycle related genes and modifies the genes involved in cell metabolism and apoptosis. |
| storage | Room temperature |
| Purification Methods | Sodium butyrate [156-54-7] M 110.1. Prepare it by neutralising the acid with Na2CO3, and recrystallising it from EtOH. [Beilstein 2 IV 779.] |
