graphene oxide

graphene oxide Basic information
Description
Product Name:graphene oxide
Synonyms:graphene oxide;mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
CAS:
MF:
MW:0
EINECS:
Product Categories:
Mol File:Mol File
graphene oxide Structure
graphene oxide Chemical Properties
density 0.981 g/mL at 25 °C
refractive index n20/D 1.333
storage temp. 2-8°C
form powder or flakes
Safety Information
WGK Germany 3
HS Code 3801.90.0000
MSDS Information
graphene oxide Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionGraphene oxide (GO), also referred to as graphite/graphitic oxide, is obtained by treating graphite with oxidisers, and results in a compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in variable ratios.
The structure and properties of GO are much dependent on the particular synthesis method and degree of oxidation. With buckled layers and an interlayer spacing almost two times larger (~0.7 nm) than that of graphite, it typically still preserves the layer structure of the parent graphite.
Graphite oxides demonstrate considerable variations of properties depending on degree of oxidation and synthesis method.[9] For example, temperature point of explosive exfoliation is generally higher for graphite oxide prepared by Brodie method compared to Hummers graphite oxide, the difference is up to 100 degrees with the same heating rates.[10] Hydration and solvation properties of Brodie and Hummers graphite oxides are also remarkably different.
GO absorbs moisture proportionally to humidity and swells in liquid water. GO membranes are vacuum-tight and impermeable to nitrogen and oxygen, but permeable to water vapours. The ability to absorb water by GO depends on the particular synthesis method and also shows a strong temperature dependence.
GO is considered as an electrical insulator for the disruption of its sp2 bonding networks. However, by manipulating the content of oxygen-containing groups through either chemical or physical reduction methods, the electrical and optical properties of GO can be dynamically tuned. To increase the conductivity, oxygen groups are removed by reduction reactions to reinstall the delocalised hexagonal lattice structure. One of the advantages GO has over graphene is that it can be easily dispersed in water and other polar organic solvents. In this way, GO can be dispersed in a solvent and reduced in situ, resulting in potentially monodispersed graphene particles.
Due to its unique structure, GO can be functionalised in many ways for desired applications, such as optoelectronics, drug delivery, chemical sensors, membrane filtration, flexible electronics, solar cells and more.
Graphite oxide was first prepared by Oxford chemist Benjamin C. Brodie in 1859, by treating graphite with a mixture of potassium chlorate and fuming nitric acid. He reported synthesis of "paper-like foils" with 0.05 mm thickness. In 1957 Hummers and Offeman developed a safer, quicker, and more efficient process called Hummers' method, using a mixture of sulfuric acid H2SO4, sodium nitrate NaNO3, and potassium permanganate KMnO4, which is still widely used, often with some modifications.





UsesGraphene oxide have been extensively explored as some of the most promising biomaterials for biomedical applications due to their unique properties: two-dimensional planar structure, large surface area, chemical and mechanical stability, superb conductivity and good biocompatibility. These properties result in promising applications for the design of advanced drug delivery systems and delivery of a broad range of therapeutics.
Industry
Application
Role/benefit
Optical nonlinearity
Protect sensitive instruments from laser-induced damage
Nonlinear optical material/electrical and optical properties can be tuned dynamically
Pulse compression, mode-locking and Q-switching
all-optical switching, signal regeneration and fast optical communications
Graphene
Large-scale production and manipulation of graphene
Raw material
Water purification
Desalination of water
Reverse osmosis material/selectively allows water to pass, but retain some larger ions
Removing radioactive material from water
Absorption material/flakes of graphene oxide absorbs radioactive ions in water
Sand filters coating for removing pollutants
Coating material/increase the saturated time of sand filters
Coating
Containers for corrosive acid and medical packaging
Coating material
Electronics
Flexible rechargeable battery
Anode material/increase the faster charge and discharge times for batteries
Solar cells
Anode material
Biomedical
Biosensors for detecting biologically relevant molecules
Fluorescence quenching material
Targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs
Drug-carrying materials
Others
Hydrogen storage
Storage material/high specific surface area
Graphene oxide lens
Lens material
Graphene oxide paper
Paper material
UsesGraphene oxide (GO) can be conjugated with a polymer to form hybrid materials for the sensing of calmodulin. It can also be used in the formation of osmosis membranes for potential usage in fouling applications.
Uses
  • Composites.
  • Inks and coatings.
  • Transparent conductive films.
  • Supercapacitors.
  • Batteries.
  • Graphene oxide sheets at interfaces.
General DescriptionElemental Analysis:Carbon: 49 – 56%
Hydrogen: 0 – 1%
Nitrogen: 0 – 1%
Sulfur: 0 – 2%
Oxygen: 41 – 50%
References1.https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/china-mainland/zh/technical-documents/articles/technology-s
2.potlights/graphene-oxide.html
3.https://www.graphene-info.com/graphene-oxide
4.http://www.understandingnano.com/graphene-oxide.html
5.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S174270611300408X
6.https://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=4044 7.https://www.chemicalbook.com/productchemicalpropertiescb72470899.htm



graphene oxide Preparation Products And Raw materials
Biological oxidation graphene quantum dot deion water solution The oxidation of graphene quantum dot deion water solution CARBON MONOXIDE graphene GLASSY CARBON Titanium dioxide,nanometre Single-layer graphene oxide nanoplatelets Graphene oxide raw solution Polyethylene Glycol METHYL MERCAPTAN Biological class of graphene oxide deion water solution Ethanethiol Cupric chloride Graphene oxide deion water solution Expanded graphite POLYETHYLENEIMINE Graphene oxide powder Graphite

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