Butyraldehyde

Butyraldehyde Basic information
Description References
Product Name:Butyraldehyde
Synonyms:butyraldehyde(czech);Butyrylaldehyde;femanumber2219;n-butanal(czech);n-Butyricaldehyde;n-C3H7CHO;NCI-C56291;propanecarbaldehyde
CAS:123-72-8
MF:C4H8O
MW:72.11
EINECS:204-646-6
Product Categories:Aldehydes;Amber Glass Bottles;Building Blocks;C1 to C6;Carbonyl Compounds;Chemical Synthesis;Nutrition Research;Organic Building Blocks;Phytochemicals by Plant (Food/Spice/Herb);Reagent;Solvent Bottles;Solvent Packaging Options;Solvents;Zingiber officinale (Ginger);Pharmaceutical Intermediates;123-72-8
Mol File:123-72-8.mol
Butyraldehyde Structure
Butyraldehyde Chemical Properties
Melting point -96 °C
Boiling point 75 °C(lit.)
density 0.817
vapor density 2.5 (vs air)
vapor pressure 90 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.380(lit.)
FEMA 2219 | BUTYRALDEHYDE
Fp 12 °F
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility water: soluble50g/L at 20°C
form Liquid
color Clear colorless
OdorPungent aldehyde; pungent and intense.
PH6-7 (71g/l, H2O, 20℃)
PH Range6-7
Odor Threshold0.00067ppm
Odor Typechocolate
explosive limit1.7-11.1%(V)
Water Solubility 7.1 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive Air Sensitive
JECFA Number86
Merck 14,1591
BRN 506061
Exposure limitsNo exposure limit is set for n-butyraldehyde.
Stability:Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong acids. Highly flammable.
LogP1.3 at 20℃ and pH4.4-4.7
Surface tension70mN/m at 1g/L and 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference123-72-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceButanal(123-72-8)
EPA Substance Registry SystemButyraldehyde (123-72-8)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes F
Risk Statements 11-R11
Safety Statements 9-29-33-S9-S33-S29-16
RIDADR UN 1129 3/PG 2
WGK Germany 1
RTECS ES2275000
13-23
Autoignition Temperature390 °F
TSCA Yes
HS Code 2912 19 00
HazardClass 3
PackingGroup II
Hazardous Substances Data123-72-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicitySingle-dose LD50 orally in rats: 5.89 g/kg (Smyth)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Butyraldehyde Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionButanal (N-butyraldehyde) is an organic compound which is the aldehyde derivative of butane. It appeases as a clear liquid. Butyraldehye is used mainly as an intermediate in the production of synthetic resins, rubber vulcanization accelerators, solvents, and plasticizers. It is also an intermediate for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, crop protection products, pesticides, antioxidants, tanning auxiliaries, and perfumes. Butyraldehyde has a characteristic pungent odor and it is used as a food additive.
References[1] George A. Burdock, Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives, Volume 1, 2000
[2] Sunggye Lee, Methane and Its Derivatives, 1997
[3] http://www.solvents.basf.com
DescriptionButyraldehyde (butanal, IUPAC) is a water-white liquid with a pungent aldehyde odor. Butyraldehyde is a dangerous fire risk, with a flammable range of 2.5%–12.5% in air. Boiling point is 168°F (75°C), flash point is 10°F (?12°C), and ignition temperature is 446°F (230°C). It is slightly soluble in water, with a specific gravity of 0.8, which is lighter than water. Vapor density is 0.804, which is lighter than air. In addition to flammability, butyraldehyde is corrosive and causes severe eye and skin burns. It may be harmful if inhaled. The four-digit UN identification number is 1129. The NFPA 704 designation is health 3, flammability 3, and reactivity 2. The primary uses of butyraldehyde are in plastics and rubber and as a solvent.
Chemical Propertiescolourless liquid with a very unpleasant smell
Chemical PropertiesButyraldehyde is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with a pungent odor.
Chemical PropertiesButyraldehyde has a characteristic pungent odor.
OccurrenceReported found in the essential oils from flowers, fruits, leaves or bark of Monarda fistulosa L., Litsea cubeba, Bulgarian clary sage, cajeput, Eucalyptus cinerea, E. globules, and others, as well as in apple and strawberry aromas. Also reported found in fresh apple, pears, carrots, peas, soybean, butter, milk, black tea, roast chicken, peanuts, loganberry, honey, white wine and hog plums (Spondias mombins L.).
Usesn-Butyraldehyde is used to make rubberaccelerators, synthetic resins, and plasticizers;and as a solvent.
UsesButanal is used in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, synthetic resins, solvents, and plasticizers. n-Butyraldehyde is used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of plasticizers, alcohols, solvents, and polymers (such as 2-ethylhexanol, n-butanol, trimethylolpropane, n-butyric acid, polyvinyl butyral, and methyl amyl ketone). It is also used as an intermediate to make pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, antioxidants, rubber accelerators, textile auxiliaries, perfumery, and flavors. It has no therapeutic use at the present time.
Uses1. Butyraldehyde is an important intermediate. n-Butanol can be prepared by hydrogenation of n-butyraldehyde; 2-ethylhexanol can be prepared by condensation dehydration and then hydrogenation, and n-butanol and 2-ethylhexanol are the main raw materials of plasticizer. Oxidation of n-butyraldehyde can produce n-butyric acid; condensation with formaldehyde can produce trimethylolpropane, which is a plasticizer for synthesizing alkyd resin and raw material for air drying oil; condensation with phenol to produce oil-soluble resin; and urea Condensation can produce alcohol-soluble resin; the products condensed with polyvinyl alcohol; butylamine; The condensate is used as celluloid; resin; solvent for rubber and pharmaceutical products; pharmaceutical industry is used to make "Mianertong"; "pyrimethamine"; methamphetamine, etc. Plasticizers, synthetic resins, rubber accelerators, pesticides and other important intermediate raw materials.
2. Butyraldehyde is an important chemical raw material. It is also used in the preparation of flavors and fragrances. It is contained in various essential oils such as flowers, leaves, fruits, grasses, dairy products, and alcohol in nature. [Food additive usage limit (mg/kg): soft drink 0.71; cold drink 4.8; Candy 2.9; baked goods 5.4; alcohol 0.50; sugar 0.25. ]. It is usually diluted before adding the essence, which has a certain effect on coordinating and increasing the elegance of the top fragrance.
3. Can be used as anesthetic and stimulant.
UsesChiefly in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, synthetic resins, solvents, plasticizers.
DefinitionChEBI: A member of the class of butanals that consists of propane bearing a formyl substituent at the 1-position. The parent of the class of butanals.
PreparationBy dry distillation of calcium butyrate and calcium formate.
Aroma threshold valuesDetection: 19 to 37 ppb; recognition: 11 to 27 ppb
Taste threshold valuesTaste characteristics at 5 ppm: musty, fusel, fermented, bready and yeasty with a malty nuance.
General DescriptionA clear liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point 20°F. Boiling point 75.7°F (Hawley's). Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water ReactionsHighly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Reactivity ProfileA colorless liquid, Butyraldehyde can react with oxidizing materials. In contact with strong acids or bases Butyraldehyde will undergo an exothermic condensation reaction. The dry aldehyde may undergo some polymerization reaction. Reacts vigorously with chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid (oleum). [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 607].
HazardFlammable, dangerous fire risk.
Health Hazardn-Butyraldehyde is a mild skin and eye irritant.The liquid in 100% pure form producedmoderate irritation on guinea pig skin. Theirritation resulting from 20 mg in 24 hours on rabbit eye was moderate. A higher dosecould produce severe irritation.
Toxicity of n-butyraldehyde is very low.The effect is primarily narcotic. No toxiceffect, however, was observed in mice from 2-hour exposure at a concentration of 44.6 g/m3.At a higher concentration, 174 g/m3 for30 minutes, it exhibited a general anestheticeffect on rats. Subcutaneous administrationof a high dose, >3 g/kg, produced the sameeffect, affecting the kidney and bladder.
Health HazardInhalation will cause irritation and possibly nausea, vomiting, headache, and loss of consciousness. Contact with eyes causes burns. Skin contact may be irritating.
Fire HazardBehavior in Fire: Vapors are heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Fires are difficult to control due to ease of reignition.
Chemical ReactivityReactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: May occur in the presence of heat, acids or alkalis; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Biochem/physiol ActionsTaste at 10 ppm
Safety ProfileModerately toxic by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Severe skin and eye irritant. Human immunologcal effects by inhalation: delayed hypersensitivity. See also ALDEHYDES. Highly flammable liquid. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Incompatible with oxidzing materials. Reacts vigorously with chlorosulfonic acid, HNO3, oleum, H2SO4. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes
CarcinogenicityAlthough butyraldehyde interacts with DNA, no experimental studies of its carcinogenic potency were found.
Environmental FateButanal does not possess high acute toxicity but is a potent irritant of the skin, eyes, and upper respiratory tract. The mechanism of toxicity probably involves direct reaction between the active aldehyde group and cellular components.
ShippingUN1129 Butyraldehyde, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid
Toxicity evaluationThe primary degradation process in soil is expected to be biodegradation. A number of biological screening studies have demonstrated that butyraldehyde is readily biodegradable.
The major environmental fate processes for butyraldehyde in water are biodegradation and volatilization. A number of biological screening studies have demonstrated that butyraldehyde is readily biodegradable. Volatilization half-lives of 9 h and 4.1 days have been estimated for a model river (1-m deep) and a model pond, respectively. Aquatic hydrolysis, adsorption to sediment, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes.
IncompatibilitiesMay form explosive mixture with air. Butyraldehyde can presumably form explosive peroxides, and may polymerize due to heat or contact with acids or alkalis. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines; alkanolamines, aromatic amines. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. Possible self-reaction in air; undergoes rapid oxidation to
Waste DisposalDissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
Ethyl 2-bromovalerate Ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate Ethyl 2-bromohexanoate METHYL HEPTAFLUOROBUTYRATE 2-BROMOHEXANOYL BROMIDE Ethyl 5-bromovalerate Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate Heptafluorobutyric anhydride 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione METHYL 4-FLUOROBENZOYLACETATE DL-Ethyl 2-bromobutyrate 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione Ethyl 2-bromoheptanoate Butyraldehyde 3-(2-FLUORO-PHENYL)-3-OXO-PROPIONIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Isobutyraldehyde 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 2-ETHYLBUTYRALDEHYDE

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