2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Basic information
Product Name:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Synonyms:TIMTEC-BB SBB003114;WEEDONE;'LGC' (1310);2,4,5-T (TM);2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID;2,4,5-T;2,4,5-T ACID;2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic
CAS:93-76-5
MF:C8H5Cl3O3
MW:255.48
EINECS:202-273-3
Product Categories:Aromatics;Method Specific;Oeko-Tex Standard 100;PesticidesAlphabetic;TA - TE
Mol File:93-76-5.mol
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Structure
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Chemical Properties
Melting point 154-158 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 361.82°C (rough estimate)
density 1.6048 (rough estimate)
vapor pressure 6.46 at 25 °C (Lewis, 1989)
refractive index 1.4700 (estimate)
Fp 2 °C
storage temp. 0-6°C
solubility Soluble in ethanol (548.2 mg/L), ether (243.2 mg/L), heptane (400 mg/L), xylenes (6.8 g/L), methanol (496 g/L), toluene (7.32 g/L) (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
form crystalline
pka2.80 and 2.83 at 25 °C (ionic strength <0.01 M, Jafvert et al., 1990)
2.88 (Nelson and Faust, 1969)
color off-white to yellow
Water Solubility 238mg/L(20 ºC)
Merck 13,9111
Henry's Law Constant4.87 at 25 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure)
Exposure limitsNIOSH REL: TWA 10 mg/m3, IDLH 250 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 mg/m3.
Stability:Stable. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, alkali metals, amines, alcohols. Reacts with many common metals.
CAS DataBase Reference93-76-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceAcetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy-(93-76-5)
EPA Substance Registry System2,4,5-T (93-76-5)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,N,F
Risk Statements 22-36/37/38-50/53-36-20/21/22-11
Safety Statements 24-60-61-36/37-26-16
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 3
RTECS AJ8400000
HazardClass 6.1(b)
PackingGroup III
HS Code 29189100
Hazardous Substances Data93-76-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLC50 (96-hour) for rainbow trout 350 mg/L and carp 355 mg/L (Hartley and Kidd, 1987); acute oral LD50 for rats 500 mg/kg (Hartley and Kidd, 1987), 300 mg/kg (RTECS, 1985).
IDLA250 mg/m3
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid English
SigmaAldrich English
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Usage And Synthesis
Chemical Propertieswhite to light tan odourless solid
Chemical Properties2,4,5-T Acid is an odorless, colorless to tan crystalline solid.
Physical propertiesColorless to pale brown, odorless crystals. Odor threshold from water is 2.92 mg/kg (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992). Metallic taste.
Uses2,4,5-T was formerly used as a herbicide. Itis currently not used, following a ban by theEPA.
UsesPlant hormone; defoliant; herbicide used to control undesirable brush and woody plants.
UsesIt is suitable for plant cell culture tested. Post-emergence herbicide.
DefinitionChEBI: A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorines.
General DescriptionLight tan solid (melting point 153°C). Insoluble in water. Contact may irritate the skin.
Air & Water ReactionsInsoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid is a weak acid. Reacts with organic and inorganic bases to form water-soluble salts and with alcohols to form esters. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases. Can corrode metals, especially if moist. May harm painted surfaces .
Health HazardOverexposure to dust by inhalation or ingestion may cause fatigue, nausea, vomiting, lowered blood pressure, convulsions, coma. Dust may irritate eyes and skin.
Health HazardThe toxicity of 2,4,5-T is very similar tothat of 2,4-D. The symptoms are irritationof skin, acne-like rash, somnolence, gastritis,fatty liver degeneration, and ataxia.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 300 mg/kg
Oral administration of this compound inhamsters and mice produced fetotoxicity,as well as developmental toxic effects onthe central nervous system, eyes, ear, andprostate.
Fire HazardSpecial Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases may be formed.
Potential ExposureThose engaged in the manufacture, formulation, and application of this herbicide used to control woody and herbaceous weeds. The EPA has issued a rebuttable presumption against registration of 2,4,5-T for pesticide uses, however. The Viet Nam war era defoliant, Agent Orange, was a mixture of 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D.
Carcinogenicity2,4,5-T was not mutagenic in bacterial assays, and it did not induce aneuploidy or somatic mutation in vitro. In vivo it did not cause micronuclei in mice or dominant lethal mutations in mice or rats.
Environmental FateBiological. 2,4,5-T degraded in anaerobic sludge by reductive dechlorination to 2,4,5- trichlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol (Mikesell and Boyd, 1985). An anaerobic methanogenic consortium, growing on 3-chlorobenzoate, metabolized 2,4,5-T to (2,5-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid at a rate of 1.02 × 10–7 M/hr. The half-life was reported to be 2 days at 37°C (Su?ita et al., 1984). Under aerobic conditions, 2,4,5-T degraded to 2,4,5- trichlorophenol and 3,5-dichlorocatechol which may further degrade to 4-chlorocatechol or cis,cis-2,4-dichloromuconic acid, 2-chloro-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-enolide, chlorosuccinic acid and succinic acid (Byast and Hance, 1975). The cometabolic oxidation of 2,4,5-T by Brevibacterium sp. yielded a product tentatively identified as 3,5-dichlorocatechol (Horvath, 1970). The cometabolism of this compound by Achromobacter sp. gave 3,5-dichloro-2- hydroxymuconic semialdehyde (Horvath, 1970a). Rosenberg and Alexander (1980) reported that 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, the principal degradation product of 2,4,5-T by microbes, was further metabolized to 3,5-dichlorocatechol, 4-chlorocatechol, succinate, cis,cis-2,4-dichlo- romuconate, 2-chloro-4-(carboxymethylene)but-2-enolide and chlorosuccinate.
Soil. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichloroanisole were the primary degradation products formed when 2,4,5-T was incubated in soil at 25°C under aerobic conditions. The half-life under these conditions was 14 days (McCall et al., 1981a). When
The half-lives of 2,4,5-T in soil incubated in the laboratory under aerobic conditions ranged from 14 to 64 days with an average of 33 days (Altom and Stritzke, 1973; Foster and McKercher, 1973; Yoshida and Castro, 1975). In field soils, the disappearance
Groundwater . According to the U.S. EPA (1986) 2,4,5-T has a high potential to leach to groundwater .
Photolytic. When 2,4,5-T (10–4 M) in oxygenated water containing titanium dioxide (2 g/L) suspension was irradiated by sunlight (λ ≥340 nm), 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- trichlorophenyl formate and nine chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons formed a

Solubility in waterSoluble in ethanol (548.2 mg/L), ether (243.2 mg/L), heptane (400 mg/L), xylenes (6.8 g/L), methanol (496 g/L), toluene (7.32 g/L) (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
ShippingUN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3345 Phenoxyacetic acid derivative pesticide, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
Purification MethodsCrystallise this herbicide from *benzene. [Beilstein 6 III 721.] (CANCER SUSPECT)
IncompatibilitiesThe aqueous solution is a weak acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines; alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides; epichlorohydrin; strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and strong bases.
Waste DisposalTwo disposal procedures have been discussed for 2,4,5-T: (1) Mix with excesssodium carbonate, add water and let stand for 24 hours before flushing down the drain with excess water; and (2) pour onto vermiculite and incinerate with wood, paper, and waste alcohol. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Allyl phenoxyacetate Triclabendazole Phenoxyacetic acid 2-Chlorophenylacetic acid 2-(2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXY)PROPIONIC ACID Triclopyr SILVEX METHYL ESTER (Trifluoromethoxy)benzene 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid butyl 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 4-Chlorophenylacetic acid 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene 2,4,5-T-AMINE Fluroxypyr 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene acetic acid, triethoxy-, ethyl ester 2,4,5-T-2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXY-ACETIC ACID-RING-UL-14C

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