Ethyl chloroformate

Ethyl chloroformate Basic information
Product Name:Ethyl chloroformate
Synonyms:Carbonochloridicacid,ethylester;carbonochloridicacidethylester;cathylchloride;Chlorocarbonate D'ethyle;Ethylchloorformiaat;ethylchloromethanoate;Ethyle, chloroformiat D';ethyle,chloroformiatd’
CAS:541-41-3
MF:C3H5ClO2
MW:108.52
EINECS:208-778-5
Product Categories:Pharmaceutical Intermediates;Acid HalidesDerivatization Reagents HPLC;Carbonyl Chlorides;Carbonyl Compounds;Fluorescence;Organic Building Blocks;Acid Halides;Organics;CHLOROFORMATES;Miscellaneous Reagents;API Intermediate
Mol File:541-41-3.mol
Ethyl chloroformate Structure
Ethyl chloroformate Chemical Properties
Melting point -81 °C (lit.)
Boiling point 93 °C (lit.)
density 1.135 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density 3.74 (vs air)
vapor pressure 3.42 psi ( 20 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.395(lit.)
Fp 57 °F
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility Chloroform (Soluble), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
form Liquid
color White to off-white
OdorIrritating; sharp, like hydrochloric acid.
Water Solubility decomposes
Sensitive Moisture Sensitive
Merck 14,3784
BRN 385653
Stability:Moisture Sensitive
LogP1.440 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference541-41-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceCarbonochloridic acid, ethyl ester(541-41-3)
EPA Substance Registry SystemEthyl chloroformate (541-41-3)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes F,T+,N
Risk Statements 11-22-26-34-50
Safety Statements 9-16-26-28-33-36/37/39-45-61
RIDADR UN 1182 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany 1
RTECS LQ6125000
10-19-21
Autoignition Temperature842 °F
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 6.1
PackingGroup I
HS Code 29151300
Hazardous Substances Data541-41-3(Hazardous Substances Data)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
Ethyl chloroformate Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesEthyl chloroformate is a colorless to light yellow liquid that is corrosive and flammable. It is prepared from phosgene and ethanol. It has a sharp pungent odor, like hydrochloric acid, and it decomposes in water. It is miscible with alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and ether.
UsesEthyl chloroformate (chloroformic acid ethyl ester) is used as a solvent in the photographic industry, and as a chemical intermediate in the production of various carbamates, and used in synthesis of dyes, drugs, veterinary medicines, herbicides, and insecticides. It is also used in the production of flotation agents for ores, as a stabilizer for PVC, and in the production of modified penicillins and heterocyclic compounds (Gerhartz, 1985).
Cathyl Chloride is used in the preparation of new inhibitors for β-homocysteine S-methyltransferase. Also used in the synthesis of a hexosaminidase inhibitor.
PreparationEthyl chloroformate was used in the synthesis of nitrile oxides. It can be obtained synthetically by the reaction between phosgene and anhydrous ethanol.
Ethyl chloroformate is chlorinated in the rectifying zone of a distillation reactor to produce 1-chloroethyl chloroformate and 2-chloroethyl chloroformate.
General DescriptionA colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point 66°F. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Vapors are heavier than air. Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short exposure to high concentrations may have adverse health effects from inhalation.
Air & Water ReactionsHighly flammable. Emits fumes containing HCl on contact with moist air. Decomposes exothermically but slowly in water.
Reactivity ProfileEthyl chloroformate decomposes slowly in water to form ethanol, HCl, and CO2 Attacks many metals especially in humid atmosphere [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 476]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].
Health HazardInhalation causes mucous membrane irritation, coughing, and sneezing. Vapor causes severe lachrymation; liquid causes acid-type burns of eyes and skin, like those of hydrochloric acid. Ingestion causes severe burns of mouth and stomach.
Fire HazardSpecial Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic chlorine and phosgene gases may be formed in fires.
Flammability and ExplosibilityHighlyflammable
Chemical ReactivityReactivity with Water: Slow reaction with water, evolving hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); Reactivity with Common Materials: Slow evolution of hydrogen chloride from surface moisture reaction can cause slow corrosion; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water, rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Safety ProfilePoison by ingestion, inhalation, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Corrosive. An eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-.
Potential ExposureHeavily used in industry for various processes; in ore processing, photography, making other chemicals including amines, carbamates, isocyanates; polymers, diethyl carbonate; nitriles, etc.
ShippingUN1182 Ethyl chloroformate, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 3-Flammable liquid, 8-Corrosive material Inhalation Hazard Zone B
Purification MethodsWash the ester several times with water, redistil it using an efficient fractionating column at atmospheric pressure and a CaCl2 guard tube to keep free from moisture [Hamilton & Sly J Am Chem Soc 47 435 1925, Saunders et al. J Am Chem Soc 73 3796 1951]. [Beilstein 3 IV 23.] LACHRYMATORY AND TOXIC.
IncompatibilitiesHighly flammable; Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Emits fumes containing HCl on contact with moist air. Decomposes exothermically but slowly in water. Ethyl chloroformate decomposes slowly in water forming ethanol, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide. May react vigorously, possibly explosively, if mixed with di-isopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts. Reacts with acids, alkalies, amines, alcohols, oxidizers and water. Corrosive to metals especially in the presence of moisture.
Waste DisposalUse a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices
Ethyl chloroformate Preparation Products And Raw materials
Preparation Products4-(Trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carbohydrazide ,97%-->4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-QUINOLINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID-->Flupirtine-->FLUMICLORAC-PENTYL-->6-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-amine ,97%-->ETHYL 2-[(2-THIENYLCARBONYL)AMINO]ACETATE-->Carbimazole-->ETHYL 3-(6-METHOXY-2-NAPHTHYL)-3-METHYL GLYCIDATE-->3-Thienylmethanol-->DELAPRIL-->(4-(Trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-yl)methanol ,97%-->5-Bromopicolinic acid-->(6-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-yl)methanol ,97%-->3-Chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid-->5-Mercapto-1-methyltetrazole-->CINITAPRIDE HYDROGEN TARTRATE-->Ethyl 6-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate ,97%-->Bonnecor-->Ethyl thiophene-3-carboxylate-->3-CHLORO-4-FLUOROPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE-->5-CHLORO-2-FLUOROPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE-->5-CHLORO-2-THIOPHENECARBOXYLIC ACID HYDRAZIDE-->ethyl 1-methylpyrrole-2-carboxylate-->ETHYL (3-HYDROXYPHENYL)CARBAMATE-->ETHYL 1-METHYL-1H-IMIDAZOLE-2-CARBOXYLATE-->Ethyl 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate-->Rotenone-->Amoxapine-->Methyl 1-Methyl-2-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate-->ethyl N-cyano-N-methylaminoformate-->ETHYL 5-CHLOROTHIOPHENE-2-CARBOXYLATE-->Molsidomine-->NEMONAPRIDE-->N-(Ethoxycarbonyl)-4-ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylpyrazole-5-sulfonamide-->N-(ETHOXYCARBONYL)-N-(ETHOXYCARBONYKLETHYL)GLYCINE ETHYL ESTER-->Gabapentin-->N-METHYLURETHANE-->DIETHYL HYDRAZODICARBOXYLATE-->ethyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate-->Loratadine
2-Ethylhexyl chloroformate 2-(1-PYRENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE Triethyl orthoformate (+)-1-(9-FLUORENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE,(-)-1-(9-FLUORENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE, [CARBOXYL-14C] Poly-AminoEthylFormate Ethyl 2-chloromethylbenzoate 1-Chloroethyl chloroformate ISOXADIFEN-ETHYL ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE, [ETHYL-1-14C] Ethyl chlorothioformate (+)-1-(9-FLUORENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE,(-)-1-(9-FLUORENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE BUTYL OLEATE Ethyl propiolate 1-(3,4-(METHYLENEDIOXY)-6-NITROPHENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE,(R,S)-1-(3,4-(METHYLENEDIOXY)-6-NITROPHENYL)ETHYL CHLOROFORMATE Chloroformate Ethyl malonyl chloride 2-BROMOETHYL CHLOROFORMATE Chloroformic Acid Ethyl Ester

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