DL-α-Tocopherol

DL-α-Tocopherol Basic information
Product Name:DL-α-Tocopherol
Synonyms:3,4-dthydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2h-1-benzopyran-6-0l;DL-VITAMIN E 98%;NATURAL VITAMIN E(MIXED TOCOPHEROL);VITAMIN E OIL, 98% USP;VitaminE50%Natural;DL-ALFA-TOCOPHEROL;2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-;alpha-tocopherol, 5,7,8-trimethyltocol
CAS:10191-41-0
MF:C29H50O2
MW:430.71
EINECS:233-466-0
Product Categories:Other APIs;Antioxidant;Biochemistry;Vitamins;Organics
Mol File:10191-41-0.mol
DL-α-Tocopherol Structure
DL-α-Tocopherol Chemical Properties
Melting point 2-4°C
alpha [α]D20 - 0.02 - +0.02゜ (neat)
Boiling point 200-220°C 0,1mm
density 0.950 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
refractive index n20/D 1.506
Fp 240°C
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility H2O: insoluble
form Pale yellow oil
pka11.40±0.40(Predicted)
color Colourless to Dark Yellow
Odorat 100.00?%. bland
Water Solubility Miscible with chloroform, vegetable oils, ether, acetone and alcohol. Immiscible with water.
Sensitive Light Sensitive
Merck 14,9495
BRN 94012
InChIKeyGVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N
LogP12.2 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference10191-41-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)- (10191-41-0)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xi,T,F
Risk Statements 36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
Safety Statements 26-37/39-45-36/37-16-7
RIDADR UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution
WGK Germany 1
RTECS GA8746000
8-10-23
TSCA Yes
HS Code 29362800
Hazardous Substances Data10191-41-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
ALFA English
DL-α-Tocopherol Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesAlpha tocopherol is a natural product. The PhEur 6.0 describes alpha-tocopherol as a clear, colorless or yellowish-brown, viscous, oily liquid.
Chemical Properties1mg = 1.1 IU
UsesThese Secondary Standards are qualified as Certified Reference Materials. These are suitable for use in several analytical applications including but not limited to pharma release testing, pharma method development for qualitative and quantitative analyses, food and beverage quality control testing, and other calibration requirements.
Usesdl-α-Tocopherol is the racemic analog of α-Tocopherol (T526125), the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils. dl-α-Tocopherol is an antioxidant that protects cell membrane lipids from oxidative damage.
UsesDL-α-Tocopherol is used as an antioxidant that protects cell membrane lipids from oxidative damage.
Production MethodsNaturally occurring tocopherols are obtained by the extraction or molecular distillation of steam distillates of vegetable oils; for example, alpha tocopherol occurs in concentrations of 0.1–0.3% in corn, rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, and wheat germ oils.Beta and gamma tocopherol are usually found in natural sources along with alpha tocopherol. Racemic synthetic tocopherols may be prepared by the condensation of the appropriate methylated hydroquinone with racemic isophytol.
DefinitionChEBI: 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol is a tocopherol.
General DescriptionTGF-β3 (transforming growth factor-β3) belongs to the TGF β superfamily. The TGFβ3 gene is mapped to human chromosome 14q24.3
Flammability and ExplosibilityNonflammable
Pharmaceutical ApplicationsAlpha tocopherol is primarily recognized as a source of vitamin E, and the commercially available materials and specifications reflect this purpose. While alpha tocopherol also exhibits antioxidant properties, the beta, delta, and gamma tocopherols are considered to be more effective as antioxidants.
Alpha-tocopherol is a highly lipophilic compound, and is an excellent solvent for many poorly soluble drugs.Of widespread regulatory acceptability, tocopherols are of value in oil- or fat-based pharmaceutical products and are normally used in the concentration range 0.001–0.05% v/v. There is frequently an optimum concentration; thus the autoxidation of linoleic acid and methyl linolenate is reduced at low concentrations of alpha tocopherol, and is accelerated by higher concentrations. Antioxidant effectiveness can be increased by the addition of oil-soluble synergists such as lecithin and ascorbyl palmitate.
Alpha tocopherol may be used as an efficient plasticizer. It has been used in the development of deformable liposomes as topical formulations.
d-Alpha-tocopherol has also been used as a non-ionic surfactant in oral and injectable formulations.


Biochem/physiol ActionsTGF-β3 (transforming growth factor-β3) regulates lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoiesis and embryogenesis to maintain immune homeostasis. TGF-β plays an important role in cell growth, differentiation, and survival. TGF-β3 specifically promotes chondrogenic differentiation.TGF-β3 is a strong growth inhibitor for normal and transformed epithelial, lymphoid, fibroblast, and keratinocyte cells. TGF-2 inhibits antitumor action of NK (natural killer) cells, T-cells, macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils. TGF-β3 is a tumor suppressor in the early stages of carcinogenesis, but in the later stages acts as a tumor promoter by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stimulating angiogenesis. TGF-β isoforms is known to participate in wound healing and tissue fibrosis. TGF-β3 is crucial for tissue restoration and scarless tissue repair. Mutation in the TGFβ3 gene is associated with development of non-syndromic cleft palate only (NS CPO), a rare congenital disease.
SafetyTocopherols (vitamin E) occur in many food substances that are consumed as part of the normal diet. The daily nutritional requirement has not been clearly defined but is estimated to be 3.0–20.0 mg. Absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is dependent upon normal pancreatic function and the presence of bile. Tocopherols are widely distributed throughout the body, with some ingested tocopherol metabolized in the liver; excretion of metabolites is via the urine or bile. Individuals with vitamin E deficiency are usually treated by oral administration of tocopherols, although intramuscular and intravenous administration may sometimes be used.
Tocopherols are well tolerated, although excessive oral intake may cause headache, fatigue, weakness, digestive disturbance, and nausea. Prolonged and intensive skin contact may lead to erythema and contact dermatitis.
The use of tocopherols as antioxidants in pharmaceuticals and food products is unlikely to pose any hazard to human health since the daily intake from such uses is small compared with the intake of naturally occurring tocopherols in the diet.
The WHO has set an acceptable daily intake of tocopherol used as an antioxidant at 0.15–2.0 mg/kg body-weight.


storageTocopherols are oxidized slowly by atmospheric oxygen and rapidly by ferric and silver salts. Oxidation products include tocopheroxide, tocopherylquinone, and tocopherylhydroquinone, as well as dimers and trimers. Tocopherol esters are more stable to oxidation than the free tocopherols but are in consequence less effective antioxidants.
Tocopherols should be stored under an inert gas, in an airtight container in a cool, dry place and protected from light.
Purification MethodsDissolve dl--tocopherol in anhydrous MeOH (15mL/g) cool to -6o for 1hour, then chill in a Dry-ice/acetone bath; crystallisation is induced by scratching with a glass rod. The dl--acetate [52225-20-4] (see DL-vitamin E actetate below) is a viscous yellow liquid with m -7o, b 184o/0.01mm, 224o/0.3mm, d 4 20 0.953, n D 20 1.496. It is used as a standard for Vitamin E activity where the unit of activity is attained with 1mg of pure dl--acetate. [Friedrich “Vitamins” Water de Guyter Publ, Berlin 1988, Beilstein 17/4 V 168.]
IncompatibilitiesTocopherols are incompatible with peroxides and metal ions, especially iron, copper, and silver. Tocopherols may be absorbed into plastic.
Regulatory StatusGRAS listed. Accepted in Europe as a food additive. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IV injections, powder, lyophilized powder for liposomal suspension; oral capsules, tablets, and topical preparations). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients. Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK.
DL-α-Tocopherol Preparation Products And Raw materials
TOCORRETINATE Fattyalkyl dimethyl amine DL-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL GLYCINATE, [GLYCINE-1-14C] MULTIVITAMIN (±)-α-Tocopherol nicotinate DL-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL HYDROGEN SUCCINATE D-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate Vitamin E nicotinate alkylolamide(s) ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL DL-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL ACETATE Vitamin AD3 VE(mixed tocopherols) Tocopherol DL-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL PHOSPHORIC ESTER DISODIUM Tocoretinate TOCOPHERYL LINOLEATE Methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride

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