Zinc chloride

Zinc chloride Basic information
Chemical properties Water solubility (g/100ml) Applications
Product Name:Zinc chloride
Synonyms:Zinc Chloride, MB Grade (1.08811);Zincchlorideultradry;ZINC CHLORIDE, 98+%;ZINC CHLORIDE DRY, PURE;ZINC CHLORIDE, ACS;zinc atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g zn;zinc chloride, 1m in diethyl ether;zinc chloride, 1m in diethyl ether, packaged under argon in resealable chemseal
CAS:7646-85-7
MF:Cl2Zn
MW:136.3
EINECS:231-592-0
Product Categories:Zinc Salts;Essential Chemicals;BioUltraProtein Structural Analysis;DNA&RNA Purification;Reagent GradeChemical Synthesis;Routine Reagents;Analytical Reagents for General Use;Puriss p.a. ACS;T-Z, Puriss p.a. ACS;Pharmacopoeial InorganicsChemical Synthesis;Pharmacopoeia (USP);Pharmacopoeia A-ZPharmacopoeia (USP);Optimization ReagentsMolecular Biology;X-Ray Crystallography;Classes of Metal Compounds;Water Ttreatment Chemicals;AlkaloidsDerivatization Reagents TLC;TLC Reagents, S-ZChemical Synthesis;Derivatization Reagents TLC;TLC Visualization Reagents (alphabetic sort);TLC Visualization Reagents (by application);Zinc;ACS GradeChemical Synthesis;metal halide;Ionic Polymerization Initiators;Materials Science;Metal and Ceramic Science;Polymer Science;Polymerization Initiators;Reagents for Polymerization;Inorganics;Transition Metal Compounds;Zn (Zinc) Compounds;Biochemicals;Molecular Biology;Molecular Biology Reagents;Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry;Chemical Synthesis;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Salts;Zinc Salts;ZincMetal and Ceramic Science;Buffers;Protein Electrophoresis;SDS-PAGE;ReagentsChemical Synthesis;Companion Products and ReagentsCell Culture;Insect Platform;Miscellaneous Reagents and Supplements;Reagents and Supplements;Serum-free Media;Metal and Ceramic Science;7646-85-7
Mol File:7646-85-7.mol
Zinc chloride Structure
Zinc chloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 293 °C (lit.)
Boiling point 732 °C (lit.)
density 1.01 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure 1 mm Hg ( 428 °C)
Fp 732°C
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility H2O: 4 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
pkapKa 6.06 (Uncertain)
form crystalline
Specific Gravity2.91
color white
Odorwh. cubic cryst., odorless
PH5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility 432 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,10132
Exposure limitsACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 2 mg/m3
OSHA: TWA 1 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 50 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 2 mg/m3
Stability:hygroscopic
InChIKeyJIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
CAS DataBase Reference7646-85-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceZinc dichloride(7646-85-7)
EPA Substance Registry SystemZinc chloride (7646-85-7)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xi,N,C,F+,F,Xn
Risk Statements 36/37/38-50/53-34-22-51/53-67-66-19-12-11-40
Safety Statements 26-36-61-60-45-36/37/39-16-36/37
RIDADR UN 2924 3/PG 1
WGK Germany 2
RTECS TY2900000
3
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 3
PackingGroup I
HS Code 28273600
Hazardous Substances Data7646-85-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityInhalation of zinc chloride fumes can injure lungs and respiratory tract. Dusts or fumes also cause dermatitis, boils, conjunctivitis, and gastrointestinal tract upset (Lewis(Sr), R.J. 1996. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 9th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold).
LD50 oral (rat): 350mg/kg
LCLO (inhalation): 1.960 g/m3/10 min

IDLA50 mg/m3
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Zinc chloride English
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Zinc chloride Usage And Synthesis
Chemical propertiesWhite granular crystal or powder of hexagonal system, highly soluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol, glycerine, acetone, diethyl ether but Insoluble in liquid ammonia.
Water solubility (g/100ml)Water solubility Solubility in 100 ml of water at different temperatures 342g/0℃;353g/10℃;395g/20℃;437g/30℃;452g/40℃;488g/60℃;541g/80℃;614g/100℃
ApplicationsUsed as dehydrating and condensing agent in organic synthesis industry and catalyst for production of vanillin, Cyclamen aldehyde, anti-inflammatory painkillers and cation exchange resin; Used as solvent of polyacrylonitrile; Used as mordant, Mercerizing agent and sizing agent in Dyeing industry; used as the raw material for the production of fiber can and shuttle(cosolvent for cotton fibre) to improve the fiber adhesion force; used as stabilizers for ice dye chromogenic salt in Dye industry in the production of reactive dye and cationic dye; Used as oil purifying agent and activating agent for Activated carbon; Used for impregnating wood to provide corrosion resistance and flame retardancy; Used as flame retardant for cardboard and cloth products; Used for electroplating; Used as welding flux for welding electrode; Used for the production of aluminum alloy, light metal deacidification and the processing of metal surface oxide layer in Metallurgical industry; Used in the production of blueprint paper; Used as battery electrolyte; Used as the raw material for the production of Alcohol resistant foam extinguishing agent and zinc cyanide. Also used in medicine and medicine production.
DescriptionZinc chloride is a white deliquescent salt. It forms acidic solutions in water and in polar organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and ether. Anhydrous zinc chloride hydrolyzes with moisture to form hydrochloric acid. It also forms complex ions with water, ammonia, and some organic solvents. Zinc chloride reacts with sulphide to minimise release of H2S gas in waste treatment facilities. Zinc chloride 50% solution also serves as a high-quality mercerising agent for cotton. Zinc chloride is incompatible with strong oxidising agents, moisture, cyanides, sulphides, and potassium.
Chemical PropertiesWhite, granular, deliquescent crystals or crystalline powder. A 10% solution is acid to litmus. Soluble in water, alcohol, glycerol, and ether.
Chemical PropertiesZinc chloride is white/colorless crystalline granules.
Chemical PropertiesZinc chloride is a white hexagonal, deliquescent crystals or colorless solution. The fume is a white particulate dispersed in air.
Physical propertiesWhite crystalline powder or granules; hygroscopic; density 2.907 g/cm3; melts at 290°C; vaporizes at 732°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 428°C and 20 torrat 536°C; highly soluble in water, 432 g/100mL at 25°C; aqueous solution acidic in litmus test; also soluble in ethanol, glycerol, and acetone.
UsesZinc chloride is used as an organic catalyst. It is deliquescent, which makes it an excellent dehydrating and drying agent. It is used in electroplating other metals, as an antiseptic, as a component of some deodorants, and as an astringent. It is also used for fireproofing materials and as a food preservative. Zinc chloride is also used in embalming and taxidermy fluids.
UsesUsed as a dehydrating agent, as a catalyst and in electroplating, wood preservation, textile processing,petroleum refining,medicine and feed additives.
UsesZinc chloride is used as a wood preservative and in fireproofing timber. Other uses are as a deodorant in disinfecting fluids; in dental cements; in electroplating; in etching metals and glass; as flux for soldering; as a mordant in printing and dyeing textiles; in making dry batteries; in denaturing alcohols; in vulcanizing rubber; in manufacturing parchment; in making artificial silk; in making activated carbon and cold-water glues; and in refining petroleum. Also, zinc chloride is used as a dehydrating and condensing agent in organic syntheses. In medicine it is used as an astringent and antiseptic.
UsesDeodorant, disinfecting and embalming material; alone or with phenol and other antiseptics for preserving railway ties; fireproofing lumber; with ammonium chloride as flux for soldering; etching metals; manufacture of parchment paper, artificial silk, dyes, activated carbon, cold-water glues, vulcanized fiber; browning steel, galvanizing iron, copper-plating iron; in magnesia cements; petroleum oil refining; cement for metals and for facing stone; mordant in printing and dyeing textiles; carbonizing woolen goods; producing crepe and crimping fabrics; mercerizing cotton; sizing and weighting fabrics; vulcanizing rubber; solvent for cellulose; preserving anatomical specimens; in microscopy for separating silk, wool, and plant fibers; as dehydrating agent in chemical syntheses. Dentin desensitizer.
DefinitionChEBI: A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn2+ ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions.
PreparationZinc chloride is prepared by the reaction of zinc oxide or zinc metal with dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by crystallization:
ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Definitionzinc chloride: A white crystalline compound, ZnCl2. The anhydrous salt, which is deliquescent, can be made by the action of hydrogen chloride gas on hot zinc; r.d. 2.9; m.p. 283°C; b.p. 732°C. It has a relatively low melting point and sublimes easily, indicating that it is a molecular compound rather than ionic. Various hydrates also exist. Zinc chloride is used as a catalyst, dehydrating agent, and Ûux for hard solder. It was once known as butter of zinc.
General DescriptionZinc chloride is a colorless liquid. Zinc chloride is mildly corrosive to metals. Zinc chloride causes burns to eyes, skin and mucous membranes.
Air & Water ReactionsWhen dissolved in water, Zinc chloride is a strong acid. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 964]
Reactivity ProfileAcidic salts, such as ZINC CHLORIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.
HazardInhalation of zinc chloride fumes can injure lungs and respiratory tract. Dusts or fumes also cause dermatitis, boils, conjunctivitis, and gastrointestinal tract upset (Lewis(Sr), R.J. 1996. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 9th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold). LD50 oral (rat): 350mg/kg LCLO (inhalation): 1.960 g/m3/10 min.
Health HazardSolid or water solution is astringent and can irritate the eyes. When ingested, can cause intoxication, severe irritation of stomach, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Health HazardExposures to zinc chloride cause adverse health effects and poisoning. On contact with the skin, zinc chloride causes skin burns and ulcerations, redness, eyes develop pain and blurred vision, and any splashes from solutions may cause eye damage. It is extremely destructive to the tissues of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. The symptoms of toxicity include, but are not limited to, burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting, and irritation or corrosion to the gastrointestinal tract with abdominal pain. After repeated exposures of zinc chloride through skin contact, occupational workers develop varying degrees of skin problems, such as dermatitis and skin ulcerations. Repeated inhalation of zinc chloride causes occupational asthma among workers
Fire HazardNon-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
Safety ProfilePoison by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by inhalation: pulm- onary changes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, Exposure to ZnCl2 fumes or dusts can cause dermatitis, boils, conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal tract upsets. The fumes are highly toxic. Incompatible with potassium. Mixtures of the powdered chloride and powdered zinc are flammable. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cland ZnO. See also ZINC COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.
Potential ExposureZinc chloride is used in iron galvanizing; as a wood preservative; for dry battery cells; as a soldering flux; in textile finishing; in vulcanized fiber; reclaiming rubber; in oil and gas well operations; oil refining; manufacturing of parchment paper; in dyes; activated carbon; in chemical synthesis; in adhesives; dentists’ cement; deodorants, disinfecting and embalming solutions; and taxidermy. It is also produced by military screeningsmoke.
ShippingUN2331 Zinc chloride, anhydrous, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1840 Zinc chloride, solution, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
Purification MethodsThe anhydrous material can be sublimed under a stream of dry HCl, followed by heating to 400o in a stream of dry N2. It sublimes at high vacuum. Also purify it by refluxing (50g) in dioxane (400mL) with 5g zinc dust, filtering hot and cooling to precipitate ZnCl2. Crystallise it from dioxane and store it in a desiccator over P2O5. It has also been dried by refluxing in thionyl chloride. [Weberg et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 6242 1986.] Hygroscopic: minimal exposure to the atmosphere is necessary. [Wagenknecht & Juza Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1070 1965.]
IncompatibilitiesAqueous solutions are strongly acidic. Incompatible with bases and potassium. Incompatible with strong oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Corrosive to metals.
Waste DisposalDump in water; add soda ash and stir, then neutralize and flush to sewer with water. Alternatively, zinc chloride may be recovered from spent catalysts and used in acrylic fiber spinning solutions.
PrecautionsExposures to zinc chloride are dangerous, corrosive, and cause burns to any area of contact. Harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Affects the cardiovascular system.
Calcium chloride Sodium chloride Choline chloride Potassium chloride Methylene Chloride basic blue 24 zinc chloride double Benzyl chloride 5-chloro-2-methoxybenzenediazonium chloride, compound with zinc chloride FAST BLUE BB SALT Acetyl chloride Zinc chloride CI 37000 CI NO 42585 Ammonium chloride Polyvinyl chloride Fast Black K Salt hemi(zinc chloride) FAST VIOLET B SALT 2-​[[(2-​ethylphenyl)​(2-​hydroxyethyl)​amino]​methyl]​-​3,​3-​difluoro-Propanenitrile

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