Phenazine methosulfate

Phenazine methosulfate Basic information
Product Name:Phenazine methosulfate
Synonyms:Phenazinium,5-methyl-,methylsulfate;5-Methylphenazinium;5-Methylphezinium methosulfate;5-methylphenazinium methyl sulphate;N-Methylphenazonium methyl sulphate;Phenazine Methoshlphate;PhenazineMethosulphate~98%;PHENAZINE METHOLSULPHATE
CAS:299-11-6
MF:C14H14N2O4S
MW:306.34
EINECS:206-072-1
Product Categories:Sulphur Derivatives;299-11-6
Mol File:299-11-6.mol
Phenazine methosulfate Structure
Phenazine methosulfate Chemical Properties
Melting point 158-160 °C (dec.)(lit.)
density 1.3395 (rough estimate)
refractive index 1.6930 (estimate)
storage temp. -20°C
solubility H2O: 0.2 g/mL at 20 °C, clear, deep orange
form Crystalline Powder
color Dark yellow to brown or khaki
Water Solubility soluble
Sensitive Light Sensitive
Merck 14,6109
BRN 3898869
Stability:Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
CAS DataBase Reference299-11-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry SystemPhenazinium, 5-methyl-, methyl sulfate (299-11-6)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xi,Xn,T
Risk Statements 36/37/38-68-46
Safety Statements 26-36/37/39-53-45
RIDADR 2811
WGK Germany 3
RTECS SG1645000
8
TSCA Yes
HS Code 29339900
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
N-Methylphenazonium methosulfate English
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
Phenazine methosulfate Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionPhenazine is a free radical generator. It has been used as an electron transfer reactant in cell viability assays. Phenazine (10 μM) induces ssDNA break formation in the presence of the reducing agent NADPH in a cell-free plasmid cleavage assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It induces oxidative DNA damage in an alkaline comet assay and apoptosis in A375 melanoma cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM. Phenazine (20 nM) oxidizes cysteine-containing proteins in HepG2 cells.
Chemical Propertiesorange to light brown crystals or powder
UsesPhenazine methosulfate is a compound used to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Used in the discovery of potent bromophenazine antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus.
UsesPhenazine Methosulfate is used in tyrosine transaminase test and for enzymic determination of ethanol in blood by the colorimetric micromethod. Used with ascorbic acid to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Since the reduced PMS is easily oxidized by oxygen, it is used in assays as an electron carrier between enzymes and oxygen, cytochrome c, indophenols, or tetrazolium salts. The reduced PMS is used as an electron donor to reduce cytochrome c or in photosynthetic experiments. Usage of PMS for detection of specific dehydrogenases has been reported.
UsesAs an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system: Dickens, loc. cit. In the preparation of succinic dehydrogenase: Green et al., J. Biol. Chem. 217, 551 (1955).
DefinitionChEBI: 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate is an azaheterocycle sulfate salt and a member of phenazines.
General DescriptionPhenazines are heterocyclic compounds produced as secondary metabolites by bacteria.
Biochem/physiol ActionsPhenazine m ethosulfate (PMS) acts as a good electron acceptor. PMS is reduced non-enzymatically by (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) NADH and (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) NADPH.
Enzyme inhibitorThis redox-active reagent (FW = 306.34 g/mol; CAS 299-11-6; Eo’ = +0.080 V, pH = 7 and T = 30°C), also known as N-methylphenazoniummethosulfat, is frequently used as an artificial electron acceptor and carrier in studies of redox reactions. The reduced semiquinone, which may be prepared nonenzymatically from NADH or NADPH, is a colorless product (occasionally, a green color is reported) and can be used as an electron donor. This reduced compound is rapidly oxidized by dioxygen and will reduce cytochrome c, indophenol dyes, and many other electron acceptors. It is often used with ascorbic acid to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Action as a Redox Substrate: Phenazine methosulfate (MTT) is a synthetic electron acceptor substtrate for many enzymes (e.g., succinate dehydrogenase, holine dehydrogenase, glycolate dehydrogenase, polyvinylalcohol dehydrogenase, (R)-pantolactone dehydrogenase, formate dihydrogenase, isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase, quinaldate 4-oxidoreductase, aralkylamine dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming), trimethylamine dehydrogenase, cytokinin dehydrogenase, and 4-cresol dehydrogenase (hydroxylating). When used in enzyme assays, MTT is converted to formazin, an intensely purple-colored product. To achieve high-sensitivity and a linear dependence, one must use a solubilization solution (usually either dimethyl sulfoxide, an acidified ethanol solution, or a solution of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate in diluted hydrochloric acid) to disperse/dissolve the otherwise insoluble formazan to obtain colored suspension/solution. The absorbance of this solution may then be quantified by measuring the wavelength between 500 and 600 nm in a spectrophotometer. The degree of light absorption depends on the solvent. Cell Viability Asaays: MTT has been widely employed in colorimetric assays for assessing the viability of cells. When tested under defined conditions, NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase enzymes catalyze the conversion of MTT to formazan, the intensity of which indicates cell viability. Other related tetrazolium dyes (including XTT, MTS and the WSTs) are used in conjunction with the intermediate electron acceptor, 1- methoxy phenazine methosulfate (PMS). Target(s): ferredoxin:NADPcyclase; photophosphorylation; progesterone monooxygenase; protein-Np -phosphohistidine:sugar phosphotransferase; stearoyl-CoA 9- desaturase; steroid 9a-monooxygenase; steroid 11bmonooxygenase; and testosterone 5a-reductase.
Purification MethodsIt forms yellow-brown prisms from EtOH (charcoal), or EtOH/Et2O. Its solubility in H2O at 20o is 10%. In the presence of aqueous KI it forms a semiquinone which crystallises as blue leaflets from EtOH. [Wieland & Roseen Chem Ber 48 1117 1913, Voriskova Collect Czech Chem Commun 12 607 1947, Bülow Chem Ber 57 1431 1924, Campbell et al. J Chem Soc 404 1938, Morley J Chem Soc 4008 1952, Beilstein 23 I 59, 23 II 234, 23 III/IV 1658, 23/8 V 395.]
Neomycin sulfate Methyl Dimethyl adipate Dimethyl oxalate Heparitin, sulfate Methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate sulfate 1-Methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate Phenazine methosulfate PHENAZINE ETHOSULFATE Tetramethylpyrazine Ferrous sulfate monohydrate calcium sulfate Colistin sulfate N-Methylformamide Methyl 2-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[(3-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]pyridazin-1-ylidene)amino]phenyl]sulfanylacetate Dimethyl phthalate Dimethyl sulfate

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