Crotonaldehyde

Crotonaldehyde Basic information
Product Name:Crotonaldehyde
Synonyms:crotonaldehyde,(e)-00;Crotylaldehyde;E-Crotonaldehyde;NCI-C56279;t-2-Butenal;Topanel;Topanel CA;Crotonaldehyde, predominantly trans
CAS:123-73-9
MF:C4H6O
MW:70.09
EINECS:204-647-1
Product Categories:Building Blocks;C1 to C6;Carbonyl Compounds;Chemical Synthesis;Organic Building Blocks;Aldehydes;C1 to C6;Carbonyl Compounds;Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Mol File:123-73-9.mol
Crotonaldehyde Structure
Crotonaldehyde Chemical Properties
Melting point −76 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 104 °C(lit.)
density 0.853 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density 2.41 (vs air)
vapor pressure 32 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.437
Fp 48 °F
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility water: soluble425.4g/L at 20°C
form Liquid
color Clear
OdorPungent
explosive limit19.5%
Water Solubility 150 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck 14,2596
BRN 906731
Exposure limitsTLV-TWA 6 mg/m3 (2 ppm)(ACGIH); IDLH 400 ppm (NIOSH).
Stability:Light Sensitive
InChIKeyMLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N
LogP0.600
CAS DataBase Reference123-73-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceCrotonaldehyde(123-73-9)
EPA Substance Registry Systemtrans-Crotonaldehyde (123-73-9)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes F,T+,N
Risk Statements 11-24/25-26-37/38-41-48/22-50-68-R68-R50-R48/22-R41-R37/38-R26-R24/25-R11
Safety Statements 26-28-36/37/39-45-61-28A-S61-S45-S36/37/39-S28A-S26-16
RIDADR UN 1143 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany 3
RTECS GP9625000
9-13-23
Autoignition Temperature320 °F
HazardClass 6.1
PackingGroup I
HS Code 29121990
Hazardous Substances Data123-73-9(Hazardous Substances Data)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Crotonaldehyde English
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
Crotonaldehyde Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesCrotonaldehyde is water-white (turns paleyellow on contact with air) with an irritating, pungent, suffocating odor. The chemical can turn pale yellow when it contacts air. The chemical has a molecular weight of 70.1, a boiling point of 219°F, and a freezing point of -101°F. The vapor pressure is 30mm Hg at 25°C and the specific gravity is 0.87. The lower explosive limit is 2.1% and the upper explosive limit is 15.5%. Crotonaldehyde may be incompatible with caustics, ammonia, strong oxidizers, nitric acid, and amines. It also has the ability to polymerize at high temperatures.
Crotonaldehyde structure
UsesCrotonaldehyde (2-butenal, β-methyl acrolein, propylene aldehyde) is similar in structure to acrolein, as both are α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. This structural similarity leads to similar sensitizing and irritating properties of the two compounds. Crotonaldehyde is used industrially in the preparation of other chemicals (chiefly sorbic acid), flavoring agents, and can form endogenously and in the environment.
Crotonaldehyde is used in the manufacture ofbutyl alcohol, butyraldehyde, and in severalorganic synthesis.
DefinitionChEBI: Crotonaldehyde is an enal consisting of propene having a formyl group at the 1-position.
General DescriptionWater-white to straw-colored liquid with a pungent, suffocating odor. Used as a chemical intermediate in a variety of industrial processes (surfactants, textiles, paper, fuels, insecticides, leather tanning, etc.). Used in chemical warfare.
Air & Water ReactionsHighly flammable.
Reactivity ProfileCrotonaldehyde is an aldehyde. Crotonaldehyde can react violently with strong oxidizing reagents, e.g., reaction with conc. nitric acid leads to instantaneous ignition [Andrussow, L., Chim. Ind. (Paris), 1961, 86, p. 542]. In contact with strong acids or bases Crotonaldehyde will undergo an exothermic condensation reaction. Reaction with 1,3-butadiene is particularly violent [Greenlee, K. W., Chem. Eng. News, 1948, 26, p. 1985]. Crotonaldehyde may rapidly polymerize with ethyl acetoacetate (Soriano, D.S. et al. 1988. Journal of Chemical Education 65:637.).
Health HazardAlthough slightly less toxic, crotonaldehyde is similar chemically and toxicologically to acrolein, which is rated as extremely toxic. Toxic concentrations for human inhalation have been reported at 12 mg/m3/10 minutes. Irritant dose to human eye is 45 ppm. As with acrolein, vapor exposures cause severe and painful eye irritation, damage to cornea, lacrimation (tearing), irritation of nasal membranes, pulmonary edema (filling of lungs with fluid) and gastrointestinal distress when ingested.
Health HazardCrotonaldehyde causes severe irritation ofthe eyes, nose, lungs, and throat. Exposureto a concentration of 12 mg/m3 in air for10 minutes can cause burning of the lungsand throat in humans. The symptoms ofinhalation toxicity in rats were excitement,behavioral change, convulsion, and death.The same symptoms were observed whencrotonaldehyde was administered subcutaneously.
LC50 value, inhalation (rats): 4000 mg/m3/30 minutes
LD50 value, subcutaneous (rats): 140 mg/kg
Crotonaldehyde is less toxic than acroleinor formaldehyde. The toxic symptoms, however,were similar to those of acrolein. Thecis-isomer of crotonaldehyde is mutagenic; itcaused cancer in test animals. Oral administrationof 2660 mg/kg for 2 years producedtumor in the liver in rats. Evidence of carcinogenicityin humans is not yet confirmed.


Fire HazardVapors form explosive mixtures in air or in sewers. Hazardous peroxides and acids emitted when heated to decomposition. Avoid nitric acid. Unstable, avoid oxygen, heat, elevated pressures. Hazardous polymerization may occur. Avoid contact with alkaline materials such as caustic ammonia or amines, or at elevated temperatures.
Safety ProfileSuspected carcinogen. A poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. A lachrymating material that is very dangerous to the eyes. Human respiratory system irritant by inhalation. Can cause corneal burns and is irritating to the skin. In case of contact, immediately flush the skin or eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and get medlcal attention. See also ALDEHYDES. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, Con, dry chemical. Incompatible with 1,3-butadiene and oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.
Potential ExposureCrotonaldehyde is used as a warning agent in fuel gases and gas line leaks; as solvent; in Crotonaldehyde 935 chemical warfare; as an intermediate in the manufacture of n-butanol and crotonic and sorbic acids; in resin and rubber antioxidant manufacture; also used as a solvent in mineral oil purification; as an alcohol denaturant.
ShippingUN1143 Crotonaldehyde or Crotonaldehyde, stabilized, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 3-Flammable liquid, Inhalation Hazard Zone B.
IncompatibilitiesVapors may form explosive mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Readily converted by oxygen to peroxides and acids; heat or contact with alkalis and many other substances may cause polymerization. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, nonoxidizing mineral acids; ammonia, organic amines; aliphatic amines; aromatic amines; 1,3-butadiene, strong bases. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings
Waste DisposalDissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed. May be absorbed on vermiculite and burned in open incinerator or dissolved in solvent and sprayed into incinerator
Polybutene LANTHANUM ACETYLACETONATE PR(TMHD)3 2-Isopropenyl-5-methylhex-4-enal Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)chroMiuM(III) MANGANESE(II) ACETYLACETONATE CROTONALDEHYDE (DNPH DERIVATIVE) SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN ACETONITRILE 5ML Ruthenium acetylacetonate 2,4-PENTANEDIONE, SILVER DERIVATIVE Bis(2,4-pentanedionato-O,O')palladium(II) Manganic acetylacetonate COBALT(II) ACETYLACETONATE Cupric acetylacetonate Crotonaldehyde dimethylhydrazone TETRADEC-2-ENAL CROTONALDEHYDE SOLUTION 1000UG/ML IN ACETONITRILE 5X1ML Ferric acetylacetonate 10-Undecenal

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