Tantalum(V) chloride

Tantalum(V) chloride Basic information
Physical Properties Preparation Reactions
Product Name:Tantalum(V) chloride
Synonyms:TANTALUM(V) CHLORIDE, 99.99%;AMMONIUM CARBONATE EXTRA PURE, N. F., PH . FRANC.;Tantalumchlorideanhydrous;Tantalumchloridehighpurity;TantalumVchlorideresublimedmetalsbasisyellowpowd;Tantalum(Ⅴ)chloride;Tantalum chloride (TaCl5);tantalumchloride(tacl5)
CAS:7721-01-9
MF:Cl5Ta
MW:358.21
EINECS:231-755-6
Product Categories:metal halide;Inorganic Chemicals;bc0001
Mol File:7721-01-9.mol
Tantalum(V) chloride Structure
Tantalum(V) chloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 221 °C
Boiling point 242 °C
density 3.68 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure 69.9hPa at 169.3℃
Fp 242°C
storage temp. no restrictions.
solubility Soluble in ether, carbon tetrachloride, sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide. Slightly soluble in ethanol.
form powder
color White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity3.68
Water Solubility Soluble in water (reacts). Also soluble in ethanol, ether and carbon tetrachloride.
Sensitive Moisture Sensitive
Merck 14,9054
InChIKeyOEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I
CAS DataBase Reference7721-01-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry SystemTantalum chloride (TaCl5) (7721-01-9)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes C
Risk Statements 22-34
Safety Statements 26-36/37/39-45
RIDADR UN 3260 8/PG 2
WGK Germany 3
RTECS WW5600000
3-10-21
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 8
PackingGroup III
HS Code 28273990
ToxicityLD50 in rats (mg/kg): 75 i.p.; 1900 orally (Cochran)
MSDS Information
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ACROS English
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
Tantalum(V) chloride Usage And Synthesis
Physical PropertiesTantalum(V) chloride, also known as tantalum pentachloride, Yellow monoclinic crystals; hygroscopic; critical temperature 494°C; critical volume 402 cm3/mol; can be sublimed without decomposition in chlorine atmosphere; reacts with water; soluble in ethanol, ether and carbon tetrachloride.
PreparationTantalum pentachloride is prepared by heating tantalum metal with excess chlorine:
2Ta + 5Cl2 → 2TaCl5
ReactionsTantalum pentachloride is hydrolyzed by water to form hydrous tantalum pentoxide, Ta2O5•nH2O and hydrochloric acid:
2TaCl5 + 5H2O → Ta2O5 + 10HCl
Reaction with hydrofluoric acid yields tantalum pentafluoride:
TaCl5 + 5HF → TaF5 + 5HCl
Tantalum pentachloride forms adducts with donor solvent molecules. Also, it forms several complexes and organometallic derivatives.
Reactions with alcohols in the presence of an amine forms dinuclear alkoxides. Thus, with ethanol in the presence of diethylamine, the dinuclear tantalum ethoxide, Ta2(OC2H5)10, is obtained.
Reaction with dimethylzinc forms dichlorotrimethyl tantalum, in which three chlorine atoms are substituted with methyl groups:
2TaCl5 + 3Zn(CH3)2 → 2(CH3)3TaCl2 + 3ZnCl2
Reaction with cyclopentadienyl sodium yields bis(cyclopentadienyl) tantalum trichloride:
TaCl5 + 2C5H5 Na → (C5H5)2TaCl3 + 2NaCl








Chemical PropertiesPale-yellow, crystalline powder; highly reactive. Decomposed by moist air. Soluble in alcohol and potassium hydroxide solution. Keep well stoppered.
Physical propertiesYellow monoclinic crystals; hygroscopic; density 3.68 g/cm3; melts at 216°C; vaporizes at 239.4°C; critical temperature 494°C; critical volume 402 cm3/mol; can be sublimed without decomposition in chlorine atmosphere; reacts with water; soluble in ethanol, ether and carbon tetrachloride.
UsesTantalum(V) chloride is used in the preparation of catalyst for the polycyclotrimerizations of alkenediynes, chloro-aryloxide compounds and for the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of tantalum nitride films. It acts as a starting material for new edge-bridged octahedral M6 cluster compounds. It is involved in the preparation of tantalum(V) oxychloride, tantalum pentoxide. It is electrophilic and behaves like a Friedel-Crafts type catalyst, similar to aluminum(III) chloride.
Production MethodsTantalum pentachloride, TaCl5, forms strongly hydroscopic, needle-shaped white crystals. It is produced on an industrial scale in large tonnage by the chlorination of tantalum scrap or ferrotantalum with NaFeCl4 or by the reductive chlorination of natural ores or synthetic raw materials. High purity TaCl5 is hydrolyzed with steam and thus converted to Ta2O5 of the highest purity. The reduction of TaCl5 with Mg or Al was repeatedly attempted but this thermite-type process never attained any industrial application. TaCl5 is soluble in absolute alcohol, forming the corresponding alkoxides. The alkoxides as well as the chlorides are suitable products for the deposition of tantalum or tantalum pentoxide layers.
ApplicationTantalum(V) chloride is an excellent water soluble crystalline Tantalum source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Used to form mixed chloro-aryloxide compounds, such as [Ta(OC6H3-2,6-i-Pr2)2Cl3]2, which form pyridine or phosphine adducts with a distortedsix-coordinate geometry.
Also used as a starting material for new edge-bridged octahedral M6 cluster compounds such as CsErTa6Cl18, for which electron and stability studies were performed.
Used in the preparation of a simple catalyst for the polycyclotrimerizations of alkenediynes.
Used for the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of tantalum nitride films.
Flammability and ExplosibilityNonflammable
Safety ProfilePoison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
Purification MethodsPurify it by sublimation in a stream of Cl2. It forms colourless needles when pure (yellow when contaminated with even less than 1% of NbCl5). It is sensitive to H2O; even in conc HCl it decomposes to tantalic acid. It is soluble in EtOH. [Rolsten J Am Chem Soc 80 2952 1958, Brauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1302 1965.]
Tantalum(V) chloride Preparation Products And Raw materials
Preparation ProductsTANTALUM PENTAFLUORIDE-->SODIUM TETRACHLOROALUMINATE
TANTALUM TRIS(DIETHYLAMIDO)-TERT-BUTYLIMIDE t-Amylimidotris(dimethylamido)tantalum(V) TAIMATA PENTAKIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)TANTALUM THORIUM NITRATE HYDRATE VANADIUM(III) CHLORIDE TANTALUM SILICIDE Pentamethylcyclopentadienyltantalum tetrachloride TANTALUM(V) TETRAETHOXIDE 2,4-PENTANEDIONATE TANTALUM HYDRIDE Tantalum(III) chloride,Tantalum chloride(TaCl3) 1-Butanol, reaction products with epichlorohydrin and tantalum chloride Tantalum Tantalum(V) Chloride, Resublimed TANTALUM CHLORIDE (TACL5) 99.995% 5G TANTALUM(V) CHLORIDE 99% TANTALUM CHLORIDE (TACL5) 99.995% 25G Tantalum(IV) chloride,Tantalum chloride(TaCl4) Ammonium carbonate

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