| Description | PD 98059 is a noncompetitive inhibitor of the MAPK pathway. It prevents the activation of MEK by Raf or MEK kinase (a MAP3K) with an IC50 value of 2-7 μM but does not inhibit Raf-activated MAP2K1. It inhibits Raf activation of MAP2K2 with an IC50 value of 50 μM. PD 98059 also phosphorylates and activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a dose-dependent manner (EC50 = 35 μM in HEK293 cells). It increases the ratios of ADP to ATP and AMP to ATP and increases phosphorylation of the AMPK target acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). |
| Uses | PD 98059 is a selective inhibitor of MEK and blocker of MAPK. |
| Definition | ChEBI: A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2' |
| General Description | Selective, reversible, and cell-permeable inhibitor of MAP kinase kinase (MEK) that acts by inhibiting the activation of MAP kinase and subsequent phosphorylation of MAP kinase substrates. Pretreatment of PC-12 cells with PD 98059 completely blocks the 4-fold increase in MAP kinase activity produced by nerve growth factor (NGF; IC50 = 2 μM); however, it has no effect on NGF-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the p140trk receptor or its substrate Shc and does not block NGF-dependent activation of PI 3-kinase. Blocks LPS-induced activation of TNF-α gene expression. Inhibits cell growth and reverses the phenotype of ras-transformed BALB3T3 mouse fibroblasts and rat kidney cells. A 5 mg/ml solution of PD 98059 (Cat. No. 513001) in anhydrous DMSO is also available. |
| Biological Activity | Specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK / MEK). Acts by binding to the inactivated form of MEK, thereby preventing its phosphorylation by cRAF or MEK kinase (IC 50 = 2-7 μ M). Inhibits cell growth and proliferation in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lines; causes G 1 arrest by blocking p53-dependent p21 induction. Also available as part of the MAPK Cascade Inhibitor Tocriset™ and MAPK Inhibitor Tocriset™ . |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | PD 98,059 is a flavonoid and specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK). In mice, PD 98,059 helps to block zymosan stimulated organ dysfunction syndrome and non-septic shock. It is known to inhibit in vitro hypertrophy. PD 98,059 also induces cartilage formation in mesenchymal stromal cells. |
| storage | Room temperature |
| References | 1) Alessi et al. (1995), PD 098059 is a specific inhibitor of the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase in vitro and in vivo; J. Biol. Chem., 270 27489
2) Dudley et al. (1995), A synthetic inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 92 7686
3) Hotokezaka et al. (2002) U0126 and PD98059, specific inhibitors of MEK, accelerate differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells; J. Biol. Chem., 277 47366
4) Xiaoxia et al. (2004) BMP4 supports self-renewal of embryonic stem cells by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 6027 |
