Lithium peroxide

Lithium peroxide Basic information
Product Name:Lithium peroxide
Synonyms:Li2O2;Lithium peroxide (Li2(O2));lithiumoxide(li2o2);lithiumperoxide(li2(o2));dilithium peroxide;LITHIUM PEROXIDE, TECH., 90%;Lithium peroxide, 90% min;Lithium peroxide,95%
CAS:12031-80-0
MF:Li2O2
MW:45.88
EINECS:234-758-0
Product Categories:LithiumSynthetic Reagents;Metal and Ceramic Science;Oxidation;Oxides;Peroxides
Mol File:12031-80-0.mol
Lithium peroxide Structure
Lithium peroxide Chemical Properties
Melting point 340°C (dec.)
density 2.310
solubility Soluble in anhydrous acetic acid. Insoluble in alcohol.
form Powder
color White to pale yellow
Water Solubility solubility in H2O is 8% (20°C); solubility in acetic acid is 5.6% (20°C); insoluble absolute alcohol (20°C) [HAW93]
Sensitive Air & Moisture Sensitive
CAS DataBase Reference12031-80-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry SystemLithium peroxide (Li2(O2)) (12031-80-0)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes O,C
Risk Statements 8-35
Safety Statements 8-26-27-28-36/37/39-45
RIDADR UN 1472 5.1/PG 2
WGK Germany 3
3-10-23
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 5.1
PackingGroup II
HS Code 28259085
Hazardous Substances Data12031-80-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
Lithium peroxide Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesLithium peroxide, Li2O2, Mr 45.9, 2.36 g/cm3, has an active oxygen content of 34.8%, which is the highest of all metal peroxides. Lithium peroxide is pale yellow solid, stable at ambient temperature, and not hygroscopic. On heating to about 300 °C, it loses oxygen and forms lithium monoxide.
Chemical PropertiesLithium peroxide is a white crystalline solid or pale yellow powder which is thermodynamically stable at room temperature. The substance decomposes on heating to 195°C (the exact decomposition temperature is subject to dispute) with the formation of lithium oxide and oxygen. The decomposition forms the basis for one preparation of lithium oxide. High-purity lithium peroxide may be stored for long periods of time with no significant decomposition.
The reaction of carbon dioxide and lithium peroxide is noted above. When lithium peroxide is exposed to the air, lithium carbonate is the final product. Dissolving pure lithium peroxide in water produces an alkaline solution containing lithium ions and hydroperoxide ions. The decomposition of the solution is typical in that oxygen is released on heating or in the presence of a catalyst. The water solubility of lithium peroxide decreases with increasing temperature.
Lithium peroxide structure
UsesLithium peroxide is used in air purifiers. It is also used to produce high-purity oxygen. It acts as a catalyst for polymerization of styrene to polystyrene. Further, it serves as a curing agent for special polymers and a source of oxygen in sealed spaces such as submarines and in breathing apparatus.
UsesAt this time no important industrial uses of lithium peroxide are known. One interesting potential application is in the field of atmosphere regeneration for undersea and space applications, since the compound reacts with carbon dioxide to release oxygen: Li2O2+C02 -> Li2CO3 + 0.5O2.
PreparationLithium peroxide is prepared industrially by the reaction of lithium hydroxide monohydrate with hydrogen peroxide which yields lithium hydroperoxide monohydrate.
LiOH·H20 + H202 → LiOOH·H20+H20
The hydroperoxide may be dehydrated by heating in a vacuum to yield the peroxide.
2LiOOH·H20 → Li202+H202 + 2H20
General DescriptionA white powder or sandy yellow granular solid. Irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used to produce a supply of high-purity oxygen.
Air & Water ReactionsContact with water or moist air generates a large amount of heat and corrosive, alkaline lithium hydroxide [AAR 1991].
Reactivity ProfileLithium peroxide is strongly basic and an extremely powerful oxidizing agent. Accelerates the combustion of other materials, especially organic materials, involved in a fire. Can ignite wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc. on contact. May react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Exposure to heat in a closed container may result in a vigorous reaction that violently ruptures the container.
Health HazardTOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Toxic fumes or dust may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Fire HazardMay explode from friction, heat or contamination. These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
Flammability and ExplosibilityNotclassified
Safety ProfileA powerful oxidizer and irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. A very dangerous fire hazard because it is an extremely powerful oxidizing agent. Will react with water or steam to produce heat; on contact with reducing materials, can react vigorously. See also LITHIUM COMPOUNDS, PEROXIDES, and PEROXIDES, INORGANIC.
Lithium peroxide Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsEthanol-->Lithium-->Lithium hydroxide-->Lithium hydroxide monohydrate
SODIUM PEROXIDE, EXTRA PURE Magnesium nitride Sodium oxide Chlorine dioxide Lithium hydroxide Potassium dichromate Potassium superoxide Urea hydrogen peroxide Sodium peroxide calcium bicarbonate Zinc peroxide Lithium peroxide Hydrogen peroxide Lithium oxide

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